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p 65 (4)<\/p>\n

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\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u60e1\u9053\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u770b\u90a3\u500b\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u5f97\u5230\u4eba\u8eab\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\uff0c\u5f97\u5230(p280)\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u800c\u7279\u5225\u5f97\u5230\u6687\u6eff\u7684\u53c8\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u554a\uff1f\u4f5c\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9084\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u5c11\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u56db\u5341\u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u7576\u4e2d\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u4fe1\u4f5b\u7684\uff1f\u4fe1\u4e86\u4f5b\u4ee5\u5f8c\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\uff1f\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5982\u8aaa\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\uff1f\u5509\uff01\u7d55\u7aef\u5730\u7a00\u5c11\uff0c\u7d55\u7aef\u5730\u7a00\u5c11\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4e0b\u9762\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5982\u683c\u559c\u9438\u5df4\u4e91\uff1a\u3011<\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u9019\u4f4d\u9438\u5df4\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u300c\u683c\u559c\u300d\u901a\u5e38\u897f\u85cf\u8a71\u7ffb\u6210\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6cd5\u5e2b\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7d93\u8ddf\u5927\u5bb6\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u4ed6\u5011\u90a3\u908a\u8003\u4e00\u500b\u683c\u559c\u771f\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\u5594\uff01\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ec3\u6559\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e09\u5927\u5bfa\uff0c\u4e09\u5927\u5bfa\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u55ae\u55ae\u4e09\u500b\u5edf\u7684\u9019\u500b\u51fa\u5bb6\u773e\u6709\u4e94\u3001\u516d\u842c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5edf\u5e73\u5747\u5927\u6982\u6709\u4e00\u842c\u591a\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8981\u5ff5\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u8003\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u7576\u4e2d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8003\u53d6\u7684\uff0c\u50cf\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u8272\u62c9\u9084\u662f\u7518\u4e39\u6211\u5c31\u5f04\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u4e94\u500b\u540d\u984d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u554a\uff01\u4e00\u5343\u500b\u4eba\u7576\u4e2d\u9084\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u500b\uff01\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u51fa\u4e86\u5bb6\uff0c\u5243\u4e86\u500b\u9aee\uff0c\u8dd1\u5f97\u53bb\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u662f\u6cd5\u5e2b\u4e86\uff0c\u5509\u5440\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u5929\u54ea\uff01\u7136\u5f8c\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u5ff5\u4e86\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u554a\uff0c\u90a3\u5df2\u7d93\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u4e86\uff01\u4ed6\u8981\u5ff5\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8981\u8003\uff0c\u4e00\u5343\u500b\u7576\u4e2d\u8003\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u4f86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u9019\u7a2e\u6cd5\u5e2b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u5e2b\u6bd4\u4e00\u6bd4\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u7684\u78ba\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u7d55\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u9019\u500b\u683c\u559c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff1a<\/p>\n

(p281)\u3010\u300c\u6bb7\u91cd\u4fee\u6b64\uff0c\u9918\u4e00\u5207\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u751f\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u6559\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u771f\u5730\u53bb\u4fee\uff0c\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u9019\u500b\u4fee\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u90fd\u8ddf\u8457\u4f86\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6545\u61c9\u52f5\u529b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u6211\u60f3\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u73fe\u5728\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u601d\u60df\u3001\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u80fd\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5b78\u5230\u601d\u60df\u89c0\u5bdf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5b78\u5230\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u66c9\u5f97\uff1a\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u6211\u539f\u4f86\u9084\u9019\u9ebc\u5dee\u5440\uff01\u90a3\u66c9\u5f97\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u4e86\u3002\u597d\uff01\u90a3\u9ebc\u5230\u524d\u9762\u70ba\u6b62\u554a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u4e5f\u544a\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\u3002\u9084\u6709\u5462\uff0c\u6b63\u4fee\u7684\u6642\u5019\u9019\u500b\u5728\u651d\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u52f8\u52c9\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u505a\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7dca\u8ddf\u8457\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u90a3\u500b\u79d1\u5224\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u79d1\u5224\u9084\u662f\u524d\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f35\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f35\u7684\u53cd\u9762\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f35\u7684\u53cd\u9762\uff0c\u8aaa\u89aa\u8fd1\u4e86\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f35\u7684\u53cd\u9762\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5f8c\u534a\u90e8\u3002\u770b\uff0c\u4e59\u4e8c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u9762\u5206\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5462\uff0c\u300c\u65bc\u6709\u6687\u8eab\u52f8\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u89aa\u8fd1\u4e86\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u4fee\u5594\uff01\u9019\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u662f\uff01\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4fee\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fee\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u561b\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6628\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u8ac7\uff0c\u8ac7\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8aaa\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u5100\u8ecc\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u9019\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u5100\u8ecc\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5f80\u5f80\u5148\u5ff5\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5462\u5c31\u5ff5\u90a3\u500b\u6687\u6eff\u4eba\u8eab\u3002\u6211\u7d93\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff1a\u300c\u6687\u6eff\u4eba\u8eab\u5bf6\uff0c\u96e3\u5f97\u800c\u6613\u5931\uff0c\u5f97\u5df2\u61c9\u5584\u4fee\uff0c\u83ab\u4ee4\u7a7a\u7121\u679c\u3002\u300d\u9019\u6687\u6eff\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u9019\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5927\u5bf6\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u5f88\u96e3(p282)\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5931\u53bb\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u8981\u597d\u597d\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u554a\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u5b83\u7a7a\u7a7a\u7684\u6d6a\u8cbb\u554a\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u83ab\u4ee4\u7a7a\u7121\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u5f1f\u5ee3\u8ad6\u5377\u4e8c\u7d42<\/p>\n

\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u5f1f\u5ee3\u8ad6\u5377\u4e09<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u4e4b\u7406\u5206\u4e8c\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u9019\u500b\u651d\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e01\u4e00\u3001\u4e01\u4e8c\uff0c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u2460 \u65bc\u9053\u7e3d\u5efa\u7acb\u767c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u89e3\uff0c\u2461 \u6b63\u65bc\u5f7c\u9053\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u4e4b\u7406\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

(p283)\u4ed6\u5148\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u300c\u9053\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4fee\u7684\u9053\uff0c\u300c\u7e3d\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u7e3d\u7db1\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6574\u500b\u8981\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u9019\u689d\u9053\u8def\u7684\u5927\u9ad4\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u7522\u751f\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u500b\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u2014\u6c7a\u5b9a\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u8a8d\u8b58\u6c7a\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\u3002\u8981\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u518d\u53bb\u300c\u6b63\u65bc\u5f7c\u9053\u53d6\u5fc3\u8981\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f60\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u9019\u500b\u9053\u8def\u958b\u59cb\u8981\u53bb\u505a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u56de\u904e\u982d\u4f86\u7ffb\u5230\u516d\u5341\u516d\u9801\uff0c\u516d\u5341\u516d\u9801\u554a\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u9053\u7e3d\u5efa\u7acb\u767c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u4e0d\u5927\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u807d\u8aaa\u3002\u90a3\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u8981\u4fee\u884c\u561b\uff0c\u4f60\u8d95\u5feb\u9019\u500b\u4eba\u8eab\u65e2\u7136\u9019\u9ebc\u96e3\u5f97\uff0c\u4f60\u8d95\u5feb\u3001\u8d95\u5feb\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u8d95\u5feb\u53c3\u79aa\uff0c\u5fd9\u9019\u4e9b\u5e79\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u9019\u4ed6\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u9053\u7406\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u8981\u60f3\u8d70\u6700\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u6700\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5927\u8def\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u8d70\u9019\u500b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\u7576\u4e2d\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f80\u5f80\u4e00\u958b\u982d\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u8b58\u5e7e\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u90a3\u908a\u7684\u9ed1\u677f\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u300c\u56e0\u3001\u9053\u3001\u679c\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u300c\u5883\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c\u300d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u300c\u4fe1\u3001\u89e3\u3001\u884c\u3001\u8b49\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u6211\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u9ebc\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4f86\u8981\u4fee\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u8d70\u4e16\u9593\u8def\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u56e0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6240\u8aaa\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u3001\u5713\u6eff\u5730\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c07\u4f86\u7576\u7136\u6709\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u9054\u5230\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u679c\u4f4d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8d70\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u8ddf\u8457\u4f60\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u628a\u63e1\u5f97\u4f4f\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u7167\u8457\u9019\u500b\u6b63\u78ba\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u9053\u8def\u53bb\u8d70\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u679c\u4f4d\u662f\u7576\u7136\u4e00\u5b9a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u8aaa\u56e0\u3001\u9053\u3001\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5883\u3001\u884c\u3001\u679c\u5462\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u5883\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6240\u5c0d\u7684\u5883\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u773c\u524d\u5c71(p284\u6cb3\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6240\u5c0d\u7684\u5883\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u5883\u3001\u5167\u5883\u3002\u5916\u9762\u6240\u5c0d\u7684\u5883\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\uff0c\u558f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8272\u6cd5\uff0c\u88e1\u908a\u5c31\u662f\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u6211\u5011\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u842c\u4e8b\u842c\u7269\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u662f\u96dc\u67d3\u7684\u3001\u662f\u75db\u82e6\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9019\u6a23\u662f\u9019\u500b\u53cd\u67d3\u70ba\u6de8\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u9019\u500b\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5c0d\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u77e5\u6240\u53d6\u6368\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u7167\u8457\u53d6\u6368\u53bb\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u70ba\u4e86\u8981\u9054\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u9019\u500b\u8a8d\u8b58\u7136\u5f8c\u53bb\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u6301\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7ffb\u6210\u529f\u300c\u9053\u300d\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u7ffb\u6210\u529f\u300c\u884c\u300d\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u5728\u9019\u689d\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u9762\u8d70\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u611f\u5f97\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u679c\u3002 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

\u8ddf\u524d\u9762\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u7528\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u56e0\u3001\u53eb\u5883\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u662f\u4f60\u61c9\u8a72\u4fe1\u5f97\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u624d\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u300b\u4e0a\u53c8\u958b\u70ba\u4fe1\u3001\u89e3\u3001\u884c\u3001\u8b49\u3002\u4f60\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u5167\u5bb9\u6709\u4e86\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u8d70\u7684\u8def\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7121\u7f3a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u771f\u6b63\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u6642\u5019\u537b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u4e00\u958b\u982d\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8b93\u4f60\u8a8d\u5f97\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6307\u5c0e\u4f60\u9019\u689d\u8def\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u5713\u6eff\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8cea\u6b63\u3001\u91cf\u5713\u3001\u6b21\u7b2c\u7121\u8aa4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u8d70\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cf\u5584\u8ca1\u7ae5\u5b50\u4e00\u751f\u53d6\u8fa6\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e09\u751f\u3001\u5169\u751f\u53ca\u5341\u751f\u3001\u516b\u751f\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u6210\u5c31\u554a\uff01 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u8f49\u5927\u5708\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5c07\u4f86\u5bb9\u6216\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8acd\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u6211\u5011\u76ee\u524d\u66ab\u6642\u4e0d\u53bb\u8ac7\u5b83\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u773c\u524d\u5012\u662f\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u523b\u9ad4\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u9ad4\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002(p285)\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u66c9\u5f97\u4fee\u884c\u96e3\u7684\u6709\u5169\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u77e5\u898b\u4e0d\u5927\u5bb9\u6613\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u898b\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u898b\u9053\uff0c\u898b\u5230\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5c0d\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u932f\u7684\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4f60\u898b\u662f\u898b\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4ee5\u4f60\u7684\u7121\u59cb\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u7fd2\u6c23\u9084\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u628a\u4f60\u6240\u898b\u5230\u7684\u6d88\u878d\u9019\u500b\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u898b\u9053\u7136\u5f8c\u4fee\u9053\u3002\u5927\u5fb9\u5927\u609f\u7684\u7956\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u561b\uff1a\u6211\u96d6\u7136\u5927\u5fb9\u5927\u609f\u898b\u5230\u4e86\u4f5b\u6027\u2014\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u4f5b\u6027\u554a\uff1f\u89ba\u6027\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7121\u8aa4\u7684\u2014\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u7121\u59cb\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u7fd2\u6027\u9084\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u62ff\u6211\u6240\u898b\u7684\u6d88\u878d\u9019\u500b\u7fd2\u6c23\u3002\u8a71\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u5167\u6db5\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u2014\u898b\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4fee\uff0c\u9019\u8aaa\u660e\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8981\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8981\u53bb\u9664\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8acb\u554f\uff1a\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u5927\u5bb6\u8aaa\u4fee\u4e86\u500b\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u4f60\u8a8d\u5f97\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u8a8d\u5f97\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a8d\u5f97\u4f60\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u9664\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u8aaa\u96e3\u9053\u5ff5\u4f5b\u932f\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u6c92\u932f\u554a\uff01\u53ef\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u53bb\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5ff5\u4f5b\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u72c0\u614b\uff1f\u7576\u7136\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5462\u5927\u7956\u5e2b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8aaa\u5370\u5149\u5927\u5e2b\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u518d\u4f86\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u63a5\u5f15\u6211\u5011\u7684\u3002\u8aaa\u5be6\u5728\u4ed6\u5f18\u90a3\u500b\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u662f\u61c9\u6211\u5011\u6839\u5668\u8aaa\uff0c\u554a\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff1b\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672c\u5730\u98a8\u5149\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b1b\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u5011\u5927\u5bb6\u4fe1\u5f97\u904e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u96d6\u7136\u8b1b\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ad4\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u3002 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u822c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u521d\u6a5f\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8aaa\uff1a\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u5019\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u770b\u90a3\u500b\u4e16\u9593\u9019\u9ebc\u7cdf\u7cd5\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u52c1\u5152\u5730\u5ff5\u4f5b\u554a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5c31\u662f\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u53bb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u2026\u2026\u3002\u6240\u4ee5(p286)\u9019\u500b\u53eb\u4f5c\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5e36\u696d\u5f80\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u5730\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u7576\u7136\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4f86\u9019\u500b\u6d88\u696d\u5f80\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5404\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u9019\u4e0a\u9762\u8acd\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u628a\u63e1\u4f4f\u9019\u500b\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u53bb\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u80fd\u53bb\u9084\u5e36\u4e86\u500b\u696d\uff0c\u53bb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\u54ea\uff1f\u6b38\uff0c\u4f60\u9084\u662f\u8981\u8d70\u9019\u500b\u8def\u554a\uff01\u4f60\u8981\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\uff0c\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5462\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u8981\u6de8\u5316\u5b83\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u5be6\u64fa\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u55ce\uff1f\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u5011\u89ba\u5f97\u5728\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u4fbf\u6cd5\u9580\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u751f\u6b7b\u8f2a\u8ff4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u500b\u6700\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u6700\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff01\u53ef\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u8aaa\u6de8\u9664\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u8981\u60f3\u6162\u6162\u5730\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u7169\u60f1\u7684\u7fd2\u67d3\u628a\u5b83\u6d17\u4e7e\u6de8\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u6b63\u9762\u4f86\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u78b0\u5230\u3002\u5c0d\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff1f\u60f3\u60f3\u770b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3001\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u90a3\u500b\u9053\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u6574\u9ad4\u8ac7\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u9053\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff01\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u4e16\u9593\u82e6\u554a\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u4f60\u8ddf\u8457\u4ed6\u53bb\uff0c\u53bb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u3002\u662f\u554a\uff01\u5c31\u50cf\u73fe\u5728\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u7559\u5b78\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u4f60\u90a3\u88e1\u5ff5\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u66f8\u554a\uff1f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u53ea\u66c9\u5f97\u5230\u90a3\u88e1\u624d\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u4f60\u4e00\u500b\u52c1\u5152\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u53bb\u628a\u82f1\u6587\u88dc\u7fd2\u597d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8b77\u7167\u62ff\u5230\uff0c\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5c07\u4f86\u771f\u6b63\u53bb\u5b78\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8b77\u7167\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u73fe\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u5594\uff01\u9019\u500b\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3001\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u8aaa\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u53bb\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8aaa\uff0c\u5e74\u8f15\u6709\u70ba\u7684\u51fa\u5bb6\u4eba\u54ea\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u8981\u8d70\u9019\u7a2e\u5ff5\u4f5b\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u8d70\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8981\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c(p287)\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u5e6b\u52a9\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u8981\u5e6b\u52a9\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u5c0d\u9053\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5462\u9019\u500b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u55ae\u55ae\u5e6b\u52a9\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8036\uff01\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u7684\u9019\u500b\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5e36\u696d\u5f80\u751f\u56c9\uff01\u7576\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f04\u5f97\u4e0d\u597d\u9084\u662f\u5e36\u696d\u5f80\u751f\uff0c\u5f04\u5f97\u597d\u7684\u8a71\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u54c1\u4e0a\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u60c5\u6cc1\u5c31\u5dee\u5f97\u5929\u5dee\u5730\u9060\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u53bb\uff0c\u662f\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u53bb\u561b\u5c31\u8981\u4e0d\u4f46\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u5e36\u8457\u5225\u4eba\u53bb\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u624d\u597d\uff01\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

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