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\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u81f3\u5fc3\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e0d\u61c2\u554a\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u554a\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u53d7\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5594\u5537\uff0c\u982d\u53c8\u75db\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u773c\u82b1\u4e86\uff1b\u8eab\u9ad4\u597d\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5594\uff0c\u5403\u7684\u6642\u5019\u662f\u4e0d\u71df\u990a\u4e86\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u96e3\u9053\u4f60\u53d7\u5f97\u4e86\u5730\u7344\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u4e86\u55ce\uff1f\u8aaa\u4f86\u8aaa\u53bb\u2014\u7121\u77e5\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4fee\u4e86\u534a\u5929\u4fee\u300c\u6211\u300d\u6b38\uff0c\u54ea\u88e1\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u4fee\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff1f\u4fee\u4f5b\u6cd5\u5bb9\u6613\u6975\u4e86\uff01\u56e0\u70ba\u4fee\u500b\u6211\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u96e3\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\uff01\u9053\u7406\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e0a\u982d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u6211\u8981\u60f3\u6253\u5750\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5fc3\u9019\u9ebc\u4e82\u5462\uff1f\u8981\u60f3\u5ff5\u4f5b\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5ff5\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u5462\uff1f\u4e0b\u9762\u90fd\u6703\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u300c\u6614\u5df2\u4f5c\uff0c\u65b7\u5176\u589e\u9577\u300d\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u65b7\uff0c\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u5462\u4e00\u5b9a\u64cb\u4f4f\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u64cb\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u518d\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u6de8\u9664\u5b83\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u62ff\u6389\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u5c31\u6e05\u6de8\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u6703 (p239) \u50cf\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u4fee\u4e86\u534a\u5929\u54ea\uff0c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4f60\u8cfa\u4e86\u4e09\u584a\u3001\u4e94\u584a\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u4f60\u8cbc\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u672c\u54ea\uff0c\u55e8\uff0c\u4e09\u3001\u4e94\u5341\u584a\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u4e09\u3001\u4e94\u767e\u842c\u54ea\uff0c\u4f60\u9084\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u9019\u771f\u662f\u51a4\u6789\uff01\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5ff5\u4f5b\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u62dc\u4f5b\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u4e00\u8072\u4f5b\u865f\u7a2e\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u8aaa\u7d93\u904e\u7121\u91cf\u7121\u908a\u52ab\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u8b49\u4e00\u500b\u7f85\u6f22\u679c\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u771f\u5212\u4e0d\u4f86\uff01\u5dee\u5225\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u7e3d\u5247\u5662\uff01\u7e3d\u5247\uff0c\u7d30\u5247\u5728\u5f8c\u982d\u8b1b\u3002<\/p>\n

p. 44(3)<\/p>\n

\u3010\u25ce \u96a8\u559c\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u300d\u7b49\u4e00\u980c\u3002\u96a8\u5ff5\u6b64\u4e94\u88dc\u7279\u4f3d\u7f85\u6240\u6709\u5584\u5229\u4fee\u7fd2\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u8ca7\u8005\u7372\u5f97\u5bf6\u85cf\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u96a8\u559c\uff0c\u300c\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u2026\u2026\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u4e00\u4e0b\u8a18\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u8a18\u5f97\u4f4f\u5427\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u96a8\u559c\u652f\uff0c\u300c\u5341\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u4e16\u9593\u71c8\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u6210\u5c31\u83e9\u63d0\u8005\uff0c\u300d\uff08\u7de8\u8005\u6309\uff1a\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u4e8c\u4e58\u6709\u5b78\u53ca\u7121\u5b78\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5982\u4f86\u8207\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u529f\u5fb7\u7686\u96a8\u559c\u3002\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u500b\u4e94\u985e\uff0c\u5c0d\uff0c\u6c92\u932f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u96a8\u559c\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u96a8\u559c\u652f\u4e0b\u9762\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u96a8\u559c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u597d\u50cf\u55ae\u55ae\u5c31\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5462\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u88e1\u982d\u3002\u81ea\u4ed6\u90fd\u5728\u96a8\u559c\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u7b49\u7b49\u4f60\u96a8\u559c\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u5c0d\u4e86\u4f60\u4e5f\u96a8\u559c\u3002\u5999\u54a7\uff01\u505a\u932f\u4e86\u662f\u61fa\u6094\uff0c\u505a\u5c0d\u4e86\u96a8\u559c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u505a\u932f\u8ddf\u505a\u5c0d\u5169\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u932f\u53c8\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u4f60\u8ff7\u8ff7\u7cca\u7cca\u5728\u7661\u7661\u5446\u5446\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7121\u660e\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u932f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff1b\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u7121\u8a18\u7684\uff0c\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3001\u640d (p240) \u5931\u751f\u547d\u5c31\u662f\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u90fd\u5728\u589e\u9577\u529f\u5fb7\u6216\u8005\u61fa\u6094\u696d\u969c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u628a\u589e\u9577\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u3001\u61fa\u6094\u696d\u969c\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u96a8\u559c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5169\u6a23\u5b8c\u5b8c\u6574\u6574\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f<\/p>\n

\u3010\u25ce \u52f8\u8acb\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u5341\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u300d\u7b49\u4e00\u980c\u3002\u8b02\u65bc\u5341\u65b9\u524e\u571f\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u73fe\u8b49\u83e9\u63d0\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u7121\u8457\u7121\u969c\u788d\u667a\uff0c\u672a\u7d93\u4e45\u6642\uff0c\u8b8a\u723e\u8a31\u8eab\uff0c\u52f8\u8acb\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u667a\u8ecd\u963f\u95cd\u9ece\u4f5c\u300c\u73fe\u8b49\u83e9\u63d0\u300d\u800c\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u518d\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u90a3\u4e00\u652f\uff0c\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u90a3\u4e00\u652f\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u2026\u2026\u54e6\uff0c\u525b\u624d\u5ff5\u7684\u662f\u300c\u5341\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u4e16\u9593\u71c8\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u6210\u5c31\u83e9\u63d0\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u4eca\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u52f8\u8acb\uff0c\u8f49\u65bc\u7121\u4e0a\u5999\u6cd5\u8f2a\u3002\u300d\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u52f8\u8acb\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u300d\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u8acb\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u9019\u4f4d\u9019\u500b\u5927\u7956\u5e2b\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u300c\u73fe\u8b49\u83e9\u63d0\u300d\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5462\u5206\u8b49\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5206\u8b49\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u4fee\u90a3\u500b\u4e03\u652f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f9d\u610f\u7de3\u60f3\uff0c\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u754c\u662f\u7121\u91cf\u7121\u908a\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73fe\u5728\u73fe\u8b49\u4f5b\u679c\u7684\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u9640\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7121\u91cf\u7121\u908a\u7684\u3002\u9019\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u54ea\u6015\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u5e2b\uff0c\u4f60\u52f8\u8acb\u4ed6\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u8acb\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u554a\uff01\u4e0d\u904e\u5462\u5206\u8b49\u7684\uff0c\u5206\u52f8\uff0c\u82e5\u5168\u82e5\u5206\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u8655\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u554a\uff0c\u52f8\u8acb\u53ef\u4ee5\u52f8\u8acb\u81ea\u5df1\uff1a\u6211\u5728\u9019\u5152\u99ac\u99ac\u864e\u864e\u3001\u61f6\u61f6\u60f0\u60f0\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u640d\u6cd5\uff1b\u6b38\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5982\u6cd5\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u662f\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>\n

(p241) \u4f60\u53ea\u8981\u6b63\u5f0f\u5730\u53bb\u505a\u2014\u5c0d\uff01\u6cd5\u8f2a\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u6467\u7169\u60f1\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u9762\u6467\u7834\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u53eb\u4f5c\u300c\u8f49\u300d\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\uff0c\u628a\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u518d\u904b\u8f49\u5230\u5728\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u628a\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u5e36\u5230\u5225\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e5f\u662f\u8f49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u6210\u4f5b\u554a\uff01\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u8981\u61c2\u5f97\u300c\u82e5\u81ea\u82e5\u4ed6\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u82e5\u56e0\u82e5\u679c\u300d\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u52f8\u4f5b\u9640\u8f49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u52f8\u679c\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5b\uff0c\u4f86\u6210\u5c31\u6211\u56e0\u5730\u7684\u5fc3\u3002\u525b\u624d\u9019\u7a2e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u5011\u56e0\u5730\u4e0b\u90a3\u500b\u6b63\u56e0\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u611f\u5f97\u4f5b\u7684\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u679c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u300c\u8acb\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\u300d\uff0c\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u5462\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7b2c\u516d\u652f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u25ce \u8acb\u4f4f\u4e16\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u8af8\u4f5b\u82e5\u6b32\u300d\u7b49\u4e00\u980c\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u300c\u8af8\u4f5b\u82e5\u6b32\u793a\u6d85\u69c3\uff0c\u6211\u6089\u81f3\u8aa0\u800c\u52f8\u8acb\uff0c\u60df\u9858\u4e45\u4f4f\u524e\u5875\u52ab\uff0c\u5229\u6a02\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u773e\u751f\u3002\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u500b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u8b02\u65bc\u5341\u65b9\u524e\u571f\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8af8\u6b32\u793a\u73fe\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u4ee4\u767c\u8d77\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u7a76\u7adf\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u773c\u524d\u5b89\u6a02\uff0c\u6545\u8b8a\u7121\u91cf\u8eab\uff0c\u52f8\u4f4f\u4f5b\u524e\uff0c\u5fae\u5875\u6578\u52ab\uff0c\u4e0d\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u4e5f\u662f\u7de3\u60f3\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u8af8\u4f5b\u53bb\u52f8\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u6b63\u4fee\u4e03\u652f\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\uff0c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u54e6\uff01\u6211\u5011\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u52f8\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u8acb\u554f\u4f5b\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4f4f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u80fd (p242) \u5531\u7368\u8173\u6232\u55ce\uff1f\u5531\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5531\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8981\u7a2e\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u8b77\u6301\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u9019\u500b\u9053\u5834\u5427\uff01\u8981\u60f3\u4f7f\u90a3\u500b\u9053\u5834\u6210\u5c31\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5f9e\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u8b1b\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u807d\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u6b38\uff01\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u807d\uff0c\u8b1b\u5b83\u5e79\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u81f3\u5fc3\u5730\u53bb\u807d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u8acb\u300d\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u807d\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u662f\u5e79\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u8981\u60f3\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u6cd5\u6162\u6162\u5730\u5f18\u50b3\u958b\u4f86\uff0c\u807d\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u4f60\u4e0d\u7167\u8457\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u662f\u6232\u8ad6\u55ce\uff1f\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u51e1\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u76f8\u61c9\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u8ddf\u5927\u5bb6\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u5e38\u4f4f\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7a4d\u7d2f\u798f\u5fb7\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\uff1a\u5594\u5537\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5bb6\u88e1\u505a\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8dd1\u5230\u9019\u88e1\u9084\u505a\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u90a3\u4f60\u932f\u4e86\uff0c\u5bb6\u88e1\u505a\u7684\u8ddf\u9019\u88e1\u505a\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u5bb6\u88e1\u505a\u7684\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u5bb6\u696d\uff0c\u589e\u9577\u4e16\u9593\u7684\u67d3\u6c61\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u505a\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u554a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4f4f\u4e16\u3002\u60f3\u60f3\u770b\u5c0d\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff1f\u8acb\u554f\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u500b\u9053\u5834\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u80fd\u4f4f\u4e16\u55ce\uff1f\u90a3\u7576\u7136\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f60\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\u662f\u8acb\u4f4f\u4e16\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4f60\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u96a8\u559c\uff1a\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u597d\uff01\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\uff0c\u597d\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u61c2\u5f97\u5584\u5de7\u7528\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4e0d\u5728\u7a4d\u805a\u529f\u5fb7\u5440\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u7d50\u679c\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u59d4\u59d4\u5c48\u5c48\uff0c\u5634\u5df4\u7ff9\u5f97\u8001\u9ad8\uff0c\u90a3\u771f\u662f\u500b\u5927\u640d\u5931\uff01\u4f60\u6642\u9593\u4e00\u6a23\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u7cbe\u529b\u4e00\u6a23\u6d6a\u8cbb\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u4f60\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u505a\u9019\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u591a\u53ef\u60dc\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u8d70\u9060\u8def\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\uff1b\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u884c\u70ba\u9084\u662f\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u7a2e\u5b50\u9084\u662f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u504f (p243) \u504f\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u610f\u5ff5\u4e0d\u76f8\u61c9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u9019\u610f\u5ff5\u662f\u932f\u7684\uff0c\u8dd1\u5230\u90a3\u500b\u5f4e\u8def\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u6b6a\u5230\u54ea\u88e1\u53bb\u3002\u597d\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u80fd\u4eba\u5929\uff1b\u58de\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\uff0c\u5730\u7344\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u6b38\uff01\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8f49\u904e\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u597d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u60f3\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u6383\u5730\u3001\u6253\u6383\u5ec1\u6240\u90fd\u662f\uff0c\u4f55\u6cc1\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u6bbf\u3001\u904e\u5802\u5440\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u61c2\u5f97\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u554a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5e38\u4f4f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5bfa\u9662\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u7f8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u54ea\uff01\u9019\u500b\u662f\u300c\u4f4f\u4e16\u300d\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5462\u300c\u8ff4\u5411\u652f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u25ce \u8ff4\u5411\u652f\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u6240\u6709\u79ae\u8b9a\u300d\u7b49\u4e00\u980c\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u662f\u300c\u6240\u6709\u79ae\u8b9a\u4f9b\u990a\u4f5b\uff0c\u8acb\u4f5b\u4f4f\u4e16\u8f49\u6cd5\u8f2a\uff0c\u96a8\u559c\u61fa\u6094\u8af8\u5584\u6839\uff0c\u8ff4\u5411\u773e\u751f\u53ca\u4f5b\u9053\u3002\u300d\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5341\u5927\u9858\u738b\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6709\u5f88\u9577\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f88\u9577\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e38\u96a8\u4f5b\u5b78\u3001\u6046\u9806\u773e\u751f\u3001\u666e\u7686\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u88e1\u982d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4ed6\u73fe\u5728\u5462\uff0c\u7e3d\u651d\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u4ee5\u4e0a\u516d\u652f\u5584\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u500b\u516d\u500b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u8868\u8209\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u5584\u6839\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5584\u6839\uff0c\u7d71\u7d71\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u88e1\u982d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

(p244) \u3010\u6089\u8207\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u60c5\u5171\u540c\uff0c\u4ee5\u731b\u5229\u6b32\u6a02\u8ff4\u5411\u4ee4\u6210\u5927\u83e9\u63d0\u56e0\uff0c\u6c38\u7121\u7f44\u76e1\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u8ff4\u5411\u65bc\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u8ff4\u5411\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u60c5\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u5728\u88e1\u982d\u3002\u4ee5\u300c\u731b\u5229\u300d\u7684\u300c\u6b32\u6a02\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u56db\u500b\u5b57\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u4e86\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6c92\u6709\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u9b06\u9b06\u61c8\u61c8\u7684\uff0c\u6d6e\u6d6e\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u6a23\u3002\u662f\uff01\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u7121\u59cb\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u7fd2\u6c23\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7b49\u6d41\u5fc3\u8b58\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5118\u7ba1\u4f60\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u6d6a\u8cbb\u4e86\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4e00\u9ede\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u5584\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7d50\u5584\u679c\u7684\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u5019\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5fc3\u5c31\u5f88\u731b\u5229\u5730\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u7cbe\u795e\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u90a3\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u884c\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5927\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u8ff4\u5411\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8ff4\u5411\u83e9\u63d0\u3001\u8ff4\u5411\u773e\u751f\u3001\u8ff4\u5411\u5be6\u969b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u6046\u9806\u773e\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u8ff4\u5411\u773e\u751f\uff1b\u5e38\u96a8\u4f5b\u5b78\u90a3\u500b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\u8ff4\u5411\u83e9\u63d0\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u666e\u7686\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u8ff4\u5411\u5be6\u969b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5982\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6b64\u8af8\u6587\u7fa9\uff0c\u610f\u4e0d\u9918\u6563\uff0c\u5177\u5982\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u8aaa\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u5247\u80fd\u651d\u6301\u7121\u91cf\u5fb7\u805a\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u9019\u9ebc\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u300c\u6587\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u300c\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u5fb9\u5e95\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u500b\u300c\u7fa9\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u610f\u601d\u554a\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u558f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5167\u6db5\u8aaa\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5167\u6db5\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u731b\u5229\u6b32\u6a02\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u76f8\u7e8c\u8ddf\u5b83\u548c\u5408\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5047 (p245) \u5b9a\u4f60\u90a3\u500b\u76f8\u7e8c\u8eab\u5fc3\u8ddf\u9019\u500b\u4f60\u6240\u5ff5\u7684\u548c\u5408\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u5ff5\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6587\u5b57\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u8ddf\u5b83\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u662f\u7121\u91cf\u7121\u908a\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u7121\u91cf\u7121\u908a\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u73fe\u5728\u8aaa\u8981\u6c42\u500b\u5f80\u751f\uff0c\u54ea\u6709\u53bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u54ea\u6709\u53bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff01\u9053\u7406\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e0a\u982d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u300c\u610f\u4e0d\u9918\u6563\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u5b83\u6f0f\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u300c\u651d\u6301\u7121\u91cf\u5fb7\u805a\u300d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u7d71\u7d71\u5305\u542b\u3002\u9019\u500b\u662f\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u518d\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6b64\u4e2d\u79ae\u656c\u4f9b\u990a\u52f8\u8acb\u8acb\u4f4f\u96a8\u559c\u4e94\u652f\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u9806\u7de3\uff0c\u7a4d\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u54e6\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u662f\u79ae\u656c\u3001\u4f9b\u990a\u3001\u52f8\u8acb\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u8acb\u767d\u300d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8acb\u4f4f\u4e16\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u96a8\u559c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e94\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u9806\u7de3\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u7a4d\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\u300d\u7684\u3002\u61fa\u6094\u662f<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6094\u8005\u662f\u9664\u9055\u7de3\uff0c\u6de8\u6cbb\u7f6a\u969c\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u61fa\u6094\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u8981\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u73fe\u884c\u64cb\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8b93\u5b83\u518d\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6240\u4ee5\u525b\u624d\u6211\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u61fa\u6094\u8981\u66c9\u5f97\u61fa\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u75c5\u6839\u59cb\u7d42\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f60\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6349\u5230\u75c5\u6839\uff0c\u4f60\u5f04\u5b83\u6c92\u7528\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4f60\u5835\u90a3\u500b\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u627e\u4e86\u534a\u5929\u54ea\u88e1\u6f0f\u4e86\u4f60\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4f60\u8aaa\u5835\u4e86\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u5927\u592b\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u5927\u592b\uff0c\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7b11\u8a71\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u3002\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u4eba\u4ed6\u8dd1\u5f97\u4f86\u7d66\u4f60\u91ab\u75c5\uff0c\u4f60\u8eab\u4e0a\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7621\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5f04\u9ede\u77f3\u7070\u5857\u5857\uff0c\u628a\u4f60\u90a3\u500b\u7621\u5857\u5857\u597d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u7c89\u7c89\uff0c\u5857\u5f97\u76ae (p246) \u819a\u4e00\u6a23\uff1a\u300c\u54e6\uff0c\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u597d\u4e86\uff01\u300d\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u554a\uff1f\u4e00\u9ede\u6c92\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u75c5\u6839\u90fd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u554a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u90a3\u500b\u61fa\u6094\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u53ea\u6c42\u8868\u9762\u597d\u770b\uff0c\u300c\u554a\uff0c\u5857\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5857\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u554f\u984c\uff01\u300d\u90a3\u500b\u75c5\u6839\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u767c\u4f5c\u5f97\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u554a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u7f6a\u969c\u6de8\u9664\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u96a8\u559c\u652f\u4e2d\u4e00\u5206\uff0c\u65bc\u81ea\u9020\u5584\uff0c\u4fee\u6b61\u559c\u8005\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u589e\u9577\u81ea\u6240\u4f5c\u5584\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u525b\u624d\u5df2\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\u4e86\uff0c\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u7684\u5584\u96a8\u559c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5c0d\u5225\u4eba\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5176\u8ff4\u5411\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u4f7f\u7a4d\u96c6\uff0c\u6de8\u6cbb\u9577\u990a\u8af8\u5584\uff0c\u96d6\u6975\u5fae\u5c11\uff0c\u4ee4\u589e\u5ee3\u591a\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u8ff4\u5411\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6de8\u6cbb\u7f6a\u969c\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u7a4d\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u589e\u9577\u9019\u500b\u5584\u6839\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u90a3\u500b\u5584\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5920\u8ff4\u5411\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u6771\u897f\u5440\uff0c\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5730\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u589e\u9577\u5230\u7121\u76e1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff01\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u8aaa\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300c\u8ff4\u5411\u300d\u5169\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u8b1b\u597d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u4f86\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0d\u5927\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u4e0d\u5927\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u600e\u9ebc\u500b\u8ff4\u5411\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u54e6\uff01\u6bcf\u6b21\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u54e6\uff0c\u8ff4\u5411\u5fd8\u8a18\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u5927\u5bb6\u7ad9\u8d77\u4f86\u5538\u5b83\u56db\u53e5\u8ddf\u516b\u53e5\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u8aaa\u4ed6\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u5440\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u771f\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u76f8\u7e8c\u548c\u5408\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u548c\u5408\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u9019 (p247) \u4e00\u9ede\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u3002\u4f60\u8eab\u5fc3\u771f\u7684\u548c\u5408\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u529f\u5fb7\u5c31\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u529f\u5fb7\u5c31\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5341\u5927\u9858\u738b\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5c0f\u5230\u96a8\u4fbf\u5ff5\u4e00\u53e5\u4f5b\u865f\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u500b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5ff5\u4f5b\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8981\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5357\u7121\u300d\u5169\u500b\u5b57\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u300c\u5357\u7121\u300d\u5169\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8ff4\u5411\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5c31\u5728\u88e1\u982d\uff0c\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u4ee5\u5f8c\u518d\u53bb\u8aaa\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u53c8\u4f7f\u73fe\u524d\u8af8\u5df2\u611f\u679c\u5c07\u7f44\u76e1\u8005\uff0c\u7d42\u7121\u7aae\u76e1\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u5999\u554a\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u65e2\u7136\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\u4f7f\u4f60\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u9020\u7684\u9019\u500b\u56e0\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u611f\u4e86\u679c\u5feb\u8981\u76e1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u9019\u6a23\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u53c8\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u589e\u5ee3\u7121\u76e1\u3002<\/p>\n

p. 45<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7e3d\u4e4b\u651d\u65bc\u7a4d\u96c6\u6de8\u6cbb\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\u4e09\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u628a\u4e0a\u9762\u9019\u500b\u4e03\u652f\u6216\u8005\u5341\u5927\u9858\u738b\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u8d77\u4f86\u8b8a\u6210\u529f\u4e09\u500b\u9805\u76ee\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9805\u76ee\u5462\uff0c\u6de8\u6cbb\u7f6a\u969c\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u5462\uff0c\u7a4d\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u76e1\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u73fe\u5728\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\u3002\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u7a76\u7adf\u6c7a\u5b9a\u52dd\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u3002\u8acb\u554f\uff1a\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f6a\u969c\uff0c\u8a8d\u5f97\u4e86\u5f9e\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u62d4\u9664\uff1b\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u5713\u6eff\u5730\u7a4d\u7d2f\uff1b\u53c8\u628a\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u589e\u9577\u7121\u76e1\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u8981\u505a\u554a\uff1f\u6c92\u6709\u5566\uff01\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u800c\u4e0b\u8173\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u6210\u4f5b\u3002<\/p>\n

(p248) \u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u5c0e\u6b78\u6975\u6a02\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u55ae\u55ae\u6307\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u72f9\u7fa9\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5ee3\u7fa9\u7684\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u897f\u65b9\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f5b\u865f\u53eb\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u7121\u91cf\u5149\u58fd\u3002\u300c\u7121\u91cf\u300d\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u662f\u7aae\u76e1\u7684\uff0c\u300c\u5149\u300d\u662f\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u300c\u58fd\u300d\u662f\u798f\u5fb7\u3002\u798f\u5fb7\u8ddf\u667a\u6167\u5169\u500b\u5fb9\u5e95\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6642\u5019\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5713\u6eff\u4f5b\u3002\u5341\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u53eb\u4f5c\u6de8\u571f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u558f\uff0c\u4f60\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\u6cd5\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8981\u5230\u9054\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u300b\u4e0a\u9762\u4ed6\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u8ff4\u5411\uff0c\u563f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u300b\u7576\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u300a\u83ef\u56b4\u300b\u7576\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8ddf\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u9ede\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u8aaa\u5b83\u540c\uff0c\u72f9\u7fa9\u8ddf\u5ee3\u7fa9\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff1b\u8aaa\u5b83\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u72f9\u7fa9\u8ddf\u5ee3\u7fa9\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u55bb\uff1a\u6211\u8aaa\u6211\u662f\u4eba\uff1b\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4eba\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u6211\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1f\u300c\u4eba\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u6211\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u5011\u5462\uff1f\u597d\u5566\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u53ea\u6709\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u9b3c\u602a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u72af\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u72f9\u7fa9\u8ddf\u5ee3\u7fa9\u4e0d\u5206\u4e0d\u8fa8\u4e4b\u8aa4\u3002\u6211\u662f\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u932f\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u5ee3\u7fa9\u7684\u7576\u4e2d\u6211\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u9019\u8981\u8fa8\u5225\u5f97\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u7d93\u300b\u662f\u9032\u5165\u9019\u500b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u5584\u5de7\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6c92\u932f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88e1\u908a\u6709\u9019\u500b\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u96a8\u4fbf\u4e00\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u652f\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u4f60\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u4fee\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4fee\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u99ac\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u7688\u4f9d\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n

(p249) \u3010\u25ce \u6b21\u4ee4\u6240\u7de3\u660e\u4e86\u986f\u73fe\uff0c\u4f9b\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\uff0c\u61c9\u4ee5\u731b\u5229\u6b32\u6a02\uff0c\u591a\u8fd4\u7948\u79b1\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e94\u652f\u9019\u500b\u4fee\u7fd2\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u7688\u4f9d\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u7688\u4f9d\u5f97\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u7688\u4f9d\u4e09\u5bf6\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u5ff5\u982d\u4e00\u8f49\uff0c\u4f5b\u5c31\u73fe\u524d\uff1b\u4f60\u8981\u7688\u4f9d\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\uff0c\u73fe\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u3001\u660e\u660e\u767d\u767d\u6703\u770b\u898b\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u500b\u597d\u6cd5\uff01\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u8d70\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0b\u54c1\u7684\u767c\u5fc3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u4f60\u8aaa\uff1a\u54e6\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6210\u4f5b\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5230\u4e86\u6975\u6a02\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u8b49\u4e8c\u4e58\u679c\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u7684\u662f\u4e2d\u3001\u4e0b\u54c1\u7684\u5fc3\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u767c\u4e0a\u54c1\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u770b\u898b\u4e86\u4f5b\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8aaa\u300c\u4f9b\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u300d\u3002\u300c\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u300d\u6211\u5011\u7a31\u5b83\u70ba\u58c7\u57ce\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8af8\u4f5b\u7684\u58c7\u57ce\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e86\u6700\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5831\u571f\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u5c31\u4f9b\u990a\u5b83\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6211\u5011\u89c0\u60f3\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u300a\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u50b3\u300b\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u6642\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5bc6\u6559\u88e1\u908a\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5927\u4e58\u88e1\u908a\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4ed6\u5f80\u5f80\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8aaa\u61fa\u6094\u6216\u8005\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u96a8\u6642\u96a8\u5730\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u61fa\u6094\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u6c42\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u4ed6\u73fe\u5728\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u51e1\u592b\u662f\u6709\u4e0a\u4f9b\u990a\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u6211\u5011\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u5b78\u9019\u500b\u7121\u4e0a\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u5b78\u7121\u4e0a\u4f9b\u990a\u5c31\u662f\u525b\u624d\u4f9b\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e09\u5343\u5927\u5343\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u4f5b\u571f\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5100\u8ecc\u3002 (p250) \u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u89c0\u60f3\uff0c\u89c0\u60f3\u8d77\u4f86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u300c\u731b\u5229\u6b32\u6a02\uff0c\u591a\u8fd4\u7948\u79b1\u300d\u4f9b\u990a\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u8aaa\u4f60\u6c42\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5440\u3001\u4f60\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u7688\u4f9d\u3001\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u4f9b\u990a\uff1f\u6211\u8981\u6c42\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u8b02\uff1a\u300c\u60df\u9858\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0d\u606d\u656c\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u8d77\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u57f7\u8457\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6211\u76f8\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u985b\u5012\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u901f\u7576\u6ec5\u9664\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u662f\u9055\u7de3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9006\u7de3\u6de8\u9664\u5b83\uff0c\u8aaa\u5e0c\u671b\u8af8\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u52a0\u6301\u6211\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u7f6a\u969c\u7d71\u7d71\u6de8\u9664\u6389\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u7f6a\u969c\u5f9e\u90a3\u88e1\u958b\u59cb\u554a\uff1f\u5f9e\u4e0d\u606d\u656c\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u958b\u59cb\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u5148\u8981\u4f9d\u6b62\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u6709\u4e0d\u606d\u656c\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u4f60\u6839\u672c\u54ea\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5730\u65b9\u4f60\u6c92\u6478\u5230\uff0c\u4f60\u9047\u4e0d\u5230\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u7d55\u7121\u53ef\u80fd\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff01\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8981\u9664\u6389\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4f60\u8981\u9054\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u8981\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u6de8\u9664\u300c\u6211\u3001\u6cd5\u300d\u5169\u7a2e\u969c\u7919\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u300d\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f9e\u6700\u958b\u59cb\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u57f7\u8457\u7684\u76f8\uff0c\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u6d88\u9664\u6389\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u9055\u7de3\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0b\u9762\u5462\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5f9e\u656c\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u901a\u9054\u7121\u6211\u771f\u5be6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u7121\u985b\u5012\u5fc3\uff0c\u901f\u7576\u767c\u8d77\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u628a\u5b83\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u9006\u7de3\u662f\u6de8\u9664\u3001\u9806\u7de3\u589e\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n

(p251) \u3010\u53ca\u5176\u5167\u5916\u4e00\u5207\u969c\u7de3\uff0c\u6089\u7576\u5bc2\u6ec5\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

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