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p. 38 (5)<\/p>\n

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(p151) \u3010\u300a\u5730\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u53c8\u5f15\u300a\u5730\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u81ea\u5df1\u8a66\u4e00\u8a66\u770b\uff0c\u62ff\u4e00\u628a\u5200\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u624b\u4e0a\u9762\u5272\u4e00\u689d\u7e2b\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5f04\u9ede\u9e7d\u5df4\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u8a66\u8a66\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u5206\u9418\u90fd\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u5206\u9418\u90fd\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff01\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u611f\u53d7\u6bd4\u4e4b\u9019\u500b\u4e09\u60e1\u9053\u4f86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u8212\u670d\u591a\u5c11\u500d\uff0c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u5730\u8212\u670d\u554a\uff01\u5b83\u73fe\u5728\u5462\uff1f\u8981\u6bd4\u9019\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u5927\u4e0a\u591a\u5c11\u500d\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u60e1\u696d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u627f\u4e8b\u3001\u4f9b\u990a\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u90a3\u4e9b\u60e1\u696d\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u73fe\u6cd5\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe (p152) \u751f\u53d7\u4e00\u9ede\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u75c5\u82e6\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u9913\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u9762\u7a0d\u5fae\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u640d\u60f1\u2014\u6d88\u9664\u6389\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u518d\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u89aa\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u8981\u300c\u8996\u70ba\u838a\u56b4\uff0c\u83ab\u89ba\u5982\u64d4\u300d\u54ea\uff01\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u89aa\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u9084\u81ea\u5df1\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u4f4f\u53c8\u4f4f\u5f97\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff0c\u5403\u53c8\u5403\u5f97\u4e0d\u75db\u5feb\uff0c\u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u71b1\u53c8\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u51b7\u53c8\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u5167\u5fc3\u8150\u721b\u4e4b\u76f8\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u7a2e\u6700\u5927\u640d\u5931\u554a\uff01\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e0b\u81f3\u5475\u65a5\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5475\u65a5\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u5475\u65a5\u90a3\u6bb5\u516c\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8b70\u4f60\u5011\u770b\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u7956\u5e2b\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\uff0c\u5728\u5728\u90fd\u8aaa\u660e\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5475\u65a5\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u82e6\u60f1\uff0c\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u7684\u82e6\u60f1\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6536\u7a6b\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u838a\u56b4\u3002\u300c\u6216\u552f\u5922\u4e2d\u4ea6\u80fd\u6e05\u6de8\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u7f6a\u969c\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u96c6\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\u5462\uff1f\u4e0b\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u96d6\u65bc\u4ff1\u80dd\u4f5b\u6240\uff0c\u7a2e\u8af8\u5584\u6839\uff0c\u8b02\u884c\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u6216\u884c\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u6216\u53d7\u5b78\u8655\uff0c\u6240\u8d77\u773e\u5584\uff0c\u7136\u5f7c\u50c5\u4ee5\u4e0a\u534a\u65e5\u5584\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u6620\u853d\uff0c\u627f\u4e8b\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u529f\u5fb7\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u95dc\u65bc\u96c6\u805a\u8cc7\u7ce7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u558f\uff0c\u7d93\u4e0a\u9762\u99ac\u4e0a\u8b49\u660e\u3002\u8aaa\u4f60\u5728\u300c\u4ff1\u80dd\u300d\u2014\u4e5f\u662f\u7121\u91cf\u7684\u4f5b\u90a3\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u554a\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7684\u5584\u6839\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554a\uff1f\u5e03\u65bd\u3001\u6301\u6212\u3001\u4f9b\u990a\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\uff0c\u53d7\u5b78\u5b78\u8655\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u773e\u5584\uff0c\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u5584\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u8981\u627f (p153) \u4e8b\u9019\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u505a\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u505a\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u8d85\u904e\u4e86\u4f9b\u990a\u4ff1\u80dd\u4f5b\u6240\u884c\u7684\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u3001\u5f88\u591a\u597d\u8655\u3002\u9019\u500b\u529f\u5fb7\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8b70\uff0c\u4f60\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u5730\u591a\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u60f3\u50cf\u5730\u591a\uff01\u9019\u500b\u5f15\u300a\u5730\u85cf\u7d93\u300b\uff0c\u53c8\u7e7c\u7e8c\u53c8\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u53c8\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u8af8\u4f5b\u7121\u91cf\u529f\u5fb7\u795e\u8b8a\uff0c\u61c9\u89c0\u4e00\u5207\u6089\u5f9e\u6b64\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u6545\u61c9\u5982\u627f\u4e8b\u8af8\u4f5b\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b62\u89aa\u8fd1\u4f9b\u4e8b\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5207\u4f5b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u795e\u8b8a\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f5b\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u54ea\u88e1\u4f86\u7684\u554a\uff1f\u90fd\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u5f9e\u89aa\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7d93\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u8aaa\u904e\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u52d9\u5fc5\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u6982\u7684\u7e3d\u7db1\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u9ede\u53ea\u80fd\u8aaa\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7d93\u8ad6\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u7684\u958b\u793a\uff0c\u4f86\u589e\u9577\u3001\u4f86\u555f\u767c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u800c\u6211\u5011\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5b78\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5982\u5be6\u5730\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u5594\uff01\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5230\u90a3\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4fe1\u5fc3\u589e\u5f37\uff0c\u529f\u5fb7\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u5230\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u5c31\u6703\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u5bb9\u6216\u9084\u6703\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6703\u55ce\uff1f\u300d\u4f46\u9858\u4f60\u5011\u6709\u9019\u500b\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6839\u64da\u8457\u9019\u500b\u61f7\u7591\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u8ffd\u5c0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7cca\u91cc\u7cca\u5857\uff1a\u300c\u554a\uff0c\u807d\u898b\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4fe1\u5f97\u904e\u3002\u300d\u9019\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6c92\u6709\u7528\uff01\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4fe1\u5f97\u904e\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\u628a\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u5982\u5be6\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6e05\u695a\u660e\u767d\u5730\u611f\u53d7\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7d55\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u624d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6211\u5634\u5df4\u6211\u4fe1\u5f97\u904e\uff0c\u8aaa\u904e\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c (p154) \u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u78b0\u898b\u4e86\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u4f60\u53c8\u7169\u7169\u60f1\u60f1\u7684\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u4e0d\u53bb\u6bc0\u8b17\u90a3\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u5df2\u7d93\u7b97\u5f88\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u6d6e\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6d6e\u60f3\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u554a\uff01\u6709\u4e86\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u6703\u7167\u8457\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4fe1\u5fc3\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u9858\u610f\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u61c9\u8a72\u50cf\u627f\u4e8b\u4f5b\u90a3\u6a23\u5730\u53bb\u89aa\u8fd1\u3001\u4f9d\u6b62\u3001\u4f9b\u990a\u9019\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u662f\u7d93\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8ad6\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff1a\u4f5b\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u8b1b\u7684\uff0c\u83e9\u85a9\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u8b1b\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u5c64\u5c64\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u3001\u589e\u9577\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

p. 39<\/p>\n

\u3010\u300a\u672c\u751f\u8ad6\u300b\u4ea6\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u6089\u4e0d\u61c9\u9060\u8af8\u5584\u58eb\uff0c\u4ee5\u8abf\u4f0f\u7406\u4fee\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u7531\u8fd1\u5f7c\u6545\u5176\u5fb7\u5875\uff0c\u96d6\u4e0d\u6545\u67d3\u81ea\u7136\u85b0\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u6089\u300d\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9060\u96e2\u8af8\u5584\u58eb\u3002\u9019\u500b\u300c\u8af8\u5584\u58eb\u300d\u5305\u62ec\u4f60\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f60\u7684\u540c\u884c\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u4f60\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u96e2\u958b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u96e2\u958b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4fee\u884c\u7d55\u4e0d\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4e86\u76f8\u7576\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u90a3\u53ef\u4ee5\u9060\u96e2\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u9060\u96e2\u5594\uff01\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u9060\u96e2\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u8aaa\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u83e9\u85a9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u6642\u90fd\u5728\u89aa\u8fd1\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u773c\u524d\u7684\u773c\u5149\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u770b\u9019\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4ed6\u5730\u4e0a (p155) \u7684\u83e9\u85a9\u53ef\u4ee5\u96e2\u958b\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u5230\u773e\u751f\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u773e\u751f\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e5f\u662f\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u60f3\u6211\u5011\u5bb9\u6216\u4e0d\u592a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u773e\u751f\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u554a\uff1f\u5730\u4e0a\u83e9\u85a9\u884c\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5ee3\u884c\u516d\u5ea6\u3002\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f5b\u570b\u571f\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u83e9\u85a9\u4f86\u5e03\u65bd\u55ce\uff1f\u5c0d\u5440\uff01\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5728\u9019\u500b\u67d3\u6c61\u7684\u7a62\u571f\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u7aae\u82e6\u7576\u4e2d\u554a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7f3a\u8ca1\u561b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e03\u65bd\u8ca1\uff1b\u7f3a\u6cd5\u561b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e03\u65bd\u6cd5\uff1b\u4ed6\u6709\u6240\u754f\u61fc\u561b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e03\u65bd\u7121\u754f\u3002\u4f60\u8dd1\u5230\u6de8\u571f\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5b\u2014\u4f60\u53bb\u53d7\u4ed6\u5e03\u65bd\u8036\uff01\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u5230\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5728\u67d3\u6c61\u4e16\u754c\u7576\u4e2d\u5e03\u65bd\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6210\u5c31\u4f60\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff01\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u83e9\u85a9\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u96e2\u958b\u4e86\u4f5b\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8aaa\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5bb9\u6216\u770b\u898b\u4ed6\u96e2\u958b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4ed6\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u96e2\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u66c9\u5f97\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9060\u96e2\u300c\u8af8\u5584\u58eb\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff01<\/p>\n

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