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\u4e0a<\/sup>\u65e5\u4e0b<\/sup>\u5e38\u6cd5\u5e2b<\/p>\n

p. 15 (9)<\/p>\n

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\u3010\u5982\u5177\u773c\u6709\u71c8\uff0c\u5247\u80fd\u898b\u8af8\u8272\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u7531\u807d\u805e\uff0c\u80fd\u77e5\u5584\u60e1\u6cd5\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u525b\u624d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u623f\u5b50\u88e1\u908a\u96d6\u7136\u4f60\u6709\u773c\u775b\u554a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u300c\u9ed1\u6f06\u5e03\u5695\u300d\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u898b\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u5462\u6709\u4e86\u71c8\uff0c\u563f\uff01\u6709\u4e86\u71c8\u4f60\u5c31\u770b\u898b\u623f\u5b50\u88e1\u9762\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7f8e\u5999\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4eba\u5bb6\u4f86\u544a\u8a34 (p23) \u4f60\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5584\u3001\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u60e1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u53d6\u68c4\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u8981\u7684\u3001\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u53c8\u5f15\u300a\u672c\u751f\u8ad6\u300b\uff0c\u672c\u751f\u672c\u4f86\u662f\u4f5b\u9640\u7684\u672c\u751f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6709\u7684\u662f\u8b1b\u4f5b\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u8aaa\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u662f\u5f8c\u4f86\u83e9\u85a9\u7167\u4ed6\u90a3\u500b\u6558\u8ff0\u7684\uff0c\u7e3d\u4e4b\u5b83\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u3002\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u300a\u672c\u751f\u8ad6\u300b\u4ea6\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u82e5\u7531\u805e\u6cd5\u767c\u4fe1\u610f\uff0c\u6210\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u7372\u5805\u4f4f\uff0c\u555f\u767c\u667a\u6167\u7121\u611a\u75f4\uff0c\u7528\u81ea\u8089\u8cb7\u4ea6\u61c9\u7406\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

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(p24) \u9019\u500b\u552f\u8b58\u4e0a\u9762\u8b1b\uff0c\u300c\u65bc\u5be6\u5fb7\u80fd\uff0c\u6df1\u5fcd\u6a02\u6b32\uff0c\u5fc3\u6de8\u70ba\u6027\u300d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u6709\u529f\u5fb7\u3001\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5404\u5225\u7684\u6162\u6162\u5730\u518d\u8aaa\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e09\u5bf6\uff0c\u4e09\u5bf6\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\uff0c\u4e16\u9593\u662f\u865b\u5984\u7684\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u5b83\u624d\u6709\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u80fd\u5920\u555f\u767c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4e16\u3001\u51fa\u4e16\uff0c\u81ea\u4ed6\u597d\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u3002\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5fcd\u53ef\u65bc\u5fc3\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u554a\uff0c\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6a23\uff01\u7136\u5f8c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u5fcd\u53ef\u65bc\u5fc3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u555f\u767c\u4f60\u4e00\u5fc3\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u597d\u6a02\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u5c31\u6703\u5f97\u6e05\u6de8\u3001\u5be7\u975c\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u8cea\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7684\u5fc3\u76f8\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u53eb\u505a\u4fe1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u554a\u9019\u500b\u4fe1\u7684\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5177\u8db3\u4fe1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u9019\u500b\u60c5\u6cc1\u7522\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6548\u679c\uff1f\u563f\uff01\u300c\u6210\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u7372\u5805\u4f4f\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\u662f\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u5e73 (p26) \u5e38\u6211\u5011\u807d\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u771f\u6b61\u559c\u554a\uff0c\u6cd5\u559c\u5145\u6eff\uff01\u5b83\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u559c\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u53eb\u300c\u5999\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u807d\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u807d\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u8b1b\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u4e00\u6a23\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u773c\u775b\u77aa\u5f97\u5927\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u807d\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u807d\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u8208\u6b38\uff01\u807d\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u807d\u5f97\u76f4\u6253\u778c\u7761\uff1b\u8b1b\u90a3\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u554a\u4f60\u807d\u5f97\u4f86\u5f97\u500b\u6709\u52c1\uff0c\u662f\u8d8a\u807d\u8d8a\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u4f60\u8aaa\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5dee\u5225\u554a\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8b1b\u7684\u3001\u807d\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\uff1a\u54ce\u5440\uff01\u771f\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u6cd5\u559c\u5145\u6eff\u2014\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\uff01\u807d\u805e\u4e86\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u91dd\u5c0d\u4f60\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u4f60\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u6de8\u5316\u4f60\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u4f5b\u6cd5\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u53eb\u300c\u6cd5\u559c\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u5999\u7684\uff01\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u80fd\u8aaa\u5584\u9053\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u8aaa\u5f97\u4eba\u5bb6\u5929\u82b1\u4e82\u589c\uff0c\u807d\u7684\u4eba\u54ea\u807d\u5f97\u8208\u8da3\u7121\u7aae\u3001\u9918\u97f3\u88ca\u88ca\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5e7e\u5929\u9084\u56de\u61b6\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5920\u6de8\u5316\u7169\u60f1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u6cd5\u559c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5e73\u5e38\u4f60\u807d\u61c2\u4e86\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b1b\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u807d\u3002\u5594\u5537\uff01\u9019\u500b\u8b1b\u7d66\u5225\u4eba\u807d\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5f88\u52d5\u807d\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u4fe1\u5f92\uff01\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u7d50\u4e00\u9ede\u7de3\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f5b\u6cd5\u9084\u9060\uff0c\u96e2\u958b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u9084\u9060\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u7372\u5f97\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u7684\u524d\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f60\u9084\u5728\u9580\u5916\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u9580\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u9084\u6c92\u6478\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u611a\u7661\u4e86\uff0c\u611a\u7661\u76f8\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u53eb\u7121\u660e\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u7121\u660e\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u7528\u81ea\u8089\u8cb7\u4ea6\u61c9\u7406\u300d\uff0c\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8089\u53bb\u8cb7\u90fd\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5440\uff01\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u7a0d\u5fae\u8f9b\u82e6\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5509\u5440\uff0c\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u8f9b\u82e6\u5f97\u8981\u547d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u932f\u4e86\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u932f\u4e86\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u5e38\u5e38\u8981\u8a18\u4f4f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e00\u500b\u5048\u5b50\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u8a8d\u771f\u3001\u6df1\u5ee3\u5730\u53bb\u89c0\u5bdf\u601d\u60df\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f5b\u9640\u751f\u751f\u4e16\u4e16\u7528\u982d\u76ee\u8166\u9ad3\u53bb\u63db\u90a3\u500b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7956\u5e2b\u5011\u6c42\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u5343\u91cc\u842c\u91cc\uff0c\u5343\u8f9b\u842c\u82e6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u8089\u8cb7\uff0c\u90a3\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u70ba\u80fd\u5920\u9019\u6a23\u53bb\u505a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6210\u4e86\u4f5b\uff1b\u7956\u5e2b\u56e0\u70ba\u80af\u5343\u91cc\u842c\u91cc\u5730\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6210\u4e86\u7956\u5e2b\u83e9\u85a9\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6cd5\u5728\u4e86\u9762\u524d\u9084\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u807d\u9032\u53bb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u9084\u9020\u7f6a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u51e1\u592b\uff01\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u8a8d\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u500b\u6587\u5b57\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u500b\u6587\u5b57\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d30\u7d30 (p28) \u7684\u6211\u4e0d\u8aaa\u5b83\uff0c\u5ff5\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u805e\u9664\u7661\u6697\u70ba\u660e\u71c8\uff0c\u76dc\u7b49\u96e3\u651c\u6700\u52dd\u8ca1\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u8ca1\u662f\u4f60\u5167\u5fc3\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u5f37\u76dc\u62ff\u4e0d\u53bb\uff0c\u5c0f\u5077\u5077\u4e0d\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u662f\u6467\u611a\u6028\u5668\u958b\u793a\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6559\u6388\u6700\u52dd\u53cb\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u662f\u611a\u6028\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u7684\u554a\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6467\u5bb3\u9019\u500b\u611a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u611a\u6028\u554a\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7121\u660e\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u611a\u7661\u7121\u660e\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u6211\u5011\u7684\u51a4\u5bb6\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8b1b\u7684\u300c\u6211\u3001\u6211\u3001\u6211\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u898b\u89e3\u3001\u6211\u7684\u7fd2\u6027\uff0c\u554a\u5440\uff0c\u6211\u6b61\u559c\u9019\u500b\u3001\u6211\u90a3\u500b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u51a4\u5bb6\u554a\uff01\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u611a\u7661\u561b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7121\u660e\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51a4\u5bb6\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u5916\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u5bb3\u4f60\u7684\u3002\u6211\u525b\u51fa\u5bb6\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u500b\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4f9d\u6b62\u963f\u95cd\u9ece\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u8ddf\u6211\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u67d0\u4eba\u54ea\uff0c\u5225\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb3\u4f60\u5440\uff01\u5225\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb3\u4f60\u5440\uff01\u300d\u56e0\u70ba\u525b\u51fa\u5bb6\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u96e3\u514d\u81ea\u5df1\u8ddf\u6cd5\u4e0d\u76f8\u61c9\u3002\u525b\u9032\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u898b\u4e86\u9762\u9084\u662f\u8001\u7fd2\u6c23\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u77aa\u6211\u4e00\u773c\uff0c\u6211\u77aa\u4ed6\u4e00\u773c\uff1b\u4f60\u8aaa\u4ed6\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u8aaa\u4f60\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u4e00\u5929\u5230\u665a\u5c31\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u8f49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u4e00\u76f4\u61b6\u5ff5\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u611f\u8b1d\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff01\u4ed6\u5c31\u5e7e\u6b21\u8ddf\u6211\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u67d0\u4eba\u54ea\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb3\u4f60\u5440\uff01\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb3\u4f60\u554a\uff01\u300d\u5f8c\u4f86\u53c8\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u300c\u771f\u6b63\u5bb3\u4f60\u7684\u662f\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\uff01\u300d\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u6211 (p29) \u4e0d\u592a\u61c2\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u9858\u4f60\u5011\u53ca\u65e9\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u53ca\u65e9\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5225\u4eba\u8aaa\u4e86\u4f60\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc3\u88e1\u5600\u5495\u500b\u4e09\u5929\uff0c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u90aa\u5984\u5730\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7121\u660e\u5440\uff01\u4f60\u4e0d\u7406\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u55ce\uff1f\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u61c2\u5f97\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u8aaa\u4f60\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u4ed6\u8aaa\u5c0d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u611f\u6fc0\u4ed6\u561b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u8aaa\u4e86\u4f60\u80fd\u6539\u6b63\u54ea\uff01\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u6210\u5c31\u4f60\u5fcd\u8fb1\u561b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u589e\u9577\u4f60\u529f\u5fb7\u55ce\uff1f\u9019\u518d\u597d\u4e0d\u904e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u4e0d\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9084\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u5630\u54e9\u5471\u5566\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u5bb3\u4f60\u5440\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb3\uff01\u90a3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u611a\u7661\uff01\u628a\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u4fe1\u7684\u807d\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4e86\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5b83\u6bdb\u75c5\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5b83\u6bdb\u75c5\u7684\u6839\u672c\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u73fe\u5728\u7531\u65bc\u6cd5\u4f86\u6467\u6028\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u958b\u793a\u65b9\u4fbf\u6559\u6388\u6700\u52dd\u53cb\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u96d6\u8ca7\u4e0d\u8b8a\u662f\u611b\u89aa\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u4fee\u9053\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u8eab\u8ca7\u9053\u4e0d\u8ca7\u3002\u6b38\uff0c\u8ca7\u5b83\u9019\u6771\u897f\u554a\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u6709\u5e6b\u5fd9\u7684\uff01<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7121\u6240\u640d\u5bb3\u6101\u75c5\u85e5\uff0c\u6467\u5927\u7f6a\u8ecd\u6700\u52dd\u8ecd\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u8b7d\u5fb7\u6700\u52dd\u85cf\uff0c\u9047\u8af8\u5584\u58eb\u70ba\u52dd\u79ae\uff0c\u65bc\u5927\u773e\u4e2d\u667a\u8005\u611b\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5f8c\u9762\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u807d\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

p. 16<\/p>\n

\u3010\u53c8\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u807d\u805e\u96a8\u8f49\u4fee\u5fc3\u8981\uff0c\u5c11\u529b\u5373\u812b\u751f\u6b7b\u57ce\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

(p30) \u554a\uff0c\u9019\u5e7e\u53e5\u8a71\u7f8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\uff01\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u61b6\u5ff5\uff0c\u7a7a\u4e0b\u4f86\u5e38\u5e38\u60f3\u90a3\u53e5\u8a71\u3002\u4f60\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u53bb\u807d\u805e\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u807d\u805e\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u9019\u500b\u807d\u805e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5927\u5bb6\u66c9\u5f97\u4e86\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7d93\u8aaa\u904e\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u9084\u8981\u8a73\u7d30\u8b1b\u3002\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u8ddf\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5982\u7406\u807d\u805e\uff0c\u9019\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u807d\u5230\u4e86\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u300c\u96a8\u8f49\u300d\uff0c\u8981\u8ddf\u8457\u5b83\u8f49\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u5fc3\u5982\u751f\u725b\u76ae\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u5440\uff0c\u525b\u5f37\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\uff01\u4eba\u5bb6\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u2014\u300c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5462\uff1f\u300d\u4e00\u9ede\u7528\u5834\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5343\u842c\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u627e\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff01\u60e1\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u6253\u6253\u67b6\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u90fd\u662f\u5730\u7344\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u6015\uff1b\u4f60\u770b\u898b\u90a3\u500b\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4f60\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u58ae\u843d\uff01\u9019\u8a71\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u8b1b\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u597d\u5730\u53bb\u7ffb\u958b\u90a3\u500b\u7d93\u6559\u4e0a\u9762\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u6703\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u88e1\u9806\u4fbf\u4e00\u63d0\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5584\u77e5\u8b58\u5982\u7406\u8ddf\u4f60\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u8d77\u4e00\u5ff5\u6028\u6068\u5fc3\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8981\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u4e16\u58ae\u843d\u5728\u5730\u7344\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u751f\u5230\u755c\u751f\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u53ef\u6015\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u4e0d\u5728\u4e16\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u4e0d\u80af\u4f86\u6148\u60b2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u4f86\u4e86\u8a71\uff0c\u975e\u628a\u4f60\u9001\u4e0b\u5730\u7344\u53bb\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u56b4\u91cd\u6b38\uff01\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u5176\u5be6\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u561b\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7c97\u88e1\u7c97\u6c23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u96a8\u4fbf\u4e82\u4f86\u4e00\u901a\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u7c97\u88e1\u7c97\u6c23\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u7cbe\u7d30\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u7d66\u4f60\u96a8\u4fbf\u4e00\u78b0\uff0c\u8dcc\u5012\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u50f9\u503c\u9023\u57ce\u54ea\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u561b\uff01\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e5f\u50b7\u5bb3\u5225\u4eba\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u90a3\u500b\u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u5c4b\u5b50\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u8dcc\u7b4b\u6597\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u9019\u50f9\u503c\u9023\u57ce\u7684\u6771\u897f\u7d66\u4ed6\u78b0\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8b93 (p31) \u5c0f\u5b69\u5b50\u4f86\u3002\u518d\u4e0d\u7136\u5982\u679c\u662f\u96fb\uff0c\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u6771\u897f\u53eb\u4ed6\u4e00\u78b0\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53d7\u50b7\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3001\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u96a8\u8f49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u600e\u9ebc\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u8f49\u5462\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u8f49\u4e0d\u904e\u4f86\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u807d\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u5f88\u6709\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u597d\u554a\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u807d\u5f97\u89ba\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u807d\u5f97\u6642\u5019\u6eff\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u66f8\u672c\u4e00\u5408\uff0c\u53c8\u9084\u5230\u66f8\u672c\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u53c8\u9084\u5230\u66f8\u672c\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u597d\u4e00\u9ede\u9084\u6709\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u554a\uff01\u6c92\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u518d\u807d\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u4f60\u807d\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u88e1\u982d\uff0c\u6c92\u8f49\u904e\u4f86\uff01\u4e0b\u9762\u6703\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\u8f49\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff01\u9019\u500b\u8f49\u54ea\u5c31\u5728\u601d\u60df\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u9019\u6b21\u7279\u5225\u8b1b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u5927\u5bb6\u5f88\u56b4\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5011\u55ae\u55ae\u807d\u807d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u5225\u7684\u6709\u7684\u662f\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5148\u4e0d\u5fc5\u807d\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u6211\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u8b1b\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5148\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u4e86\u518d\u4f86\u807d\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u6709\u5927\u597d\u8655\u3002<\/p>\n

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(p24) 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(p25) \u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u2014\u7169\u60f1\u76f8\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9019\u662f\u5984\u5206\u5225\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u4e86\u89e3\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u628a\u4e0d\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u8a72\u505a\u7684\u505a\uff0c\u5b89\u5fcd\u5728\u9019\u500b\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u4e0a\u982d\uff0c\u4e00\u5fc3\u5730\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fc3\u88e1\u9762\u7d55\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u3002 \u5047\u5b9a\u8aaa\u771f\u6b63\u4f60\u6709\u6de8\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5eda\u623f\u88e1\u90a3\u500b\u6771\u897f\u4e0d\u914d\u4f60\u80c3\u53e3\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u71df\u990a\u4e0d\u597d\u3002\u8981\u6211\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u8a71\u9019\u6a23\uff1a\u4eca\u5929\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u914d\u6211\u80c3\u53e3\uff0c\u6cd5\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u8a72\u9019\u6a23\u505a\uff0c\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u5403\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5403\u6b7b\u4e86\u6211\u6b63\u597d\u751f\u5929\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u8981\u5f80\u751f\u6c42\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4f60\u6b63\u597d\u56de\u5411\u561b\uff0c\u5c31\u6015\u4f60\u4e0d\u6b7b\u554a\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5c31\u53bb\u3002\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5a11\u5a46\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u7121\u662f\u8655\u554a\uff01\u4f60\u54ea\u88e1\u9084\u6703\uff1a\u5509\u5440\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u884c\u3001\u90a3\u500b\u4e0d\u884c\uff01\u5600\u5495\u500b\u5e7e\u5929\uff0c\u90fd\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e8b\u76f8\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u88e1\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u5011\u8981\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u884c\u76f8\u4f86\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u53cd\u89c0\u5167\u5fc3\u3002\u9ad4\u6703\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4f5c\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u660e\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u8981\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u805e\u6cd5\uff01\u805e\u6cd5\uff01\u90a3\u9ebc\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u805e\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u807d\u805e\u4e86\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u57f7\u8457\u5f97\u8981\u547d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u5c0d\u3001\u90a3\u500b\u53c8\u4e0d\u5c0d\u554a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u555f\u767c\u4f60\u7684\u6de8\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002\u805e\u4e86\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u53bb\u6de8\u5316\u81ea\u5df1\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\uff01\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u505a\u5c0d\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u555f\u767c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6de8\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002 \u9019\u500b\u60c5\u6cc1\u7522\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6548\u679c\uff1f\u563f\uff01\u300c\u6210\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u7372\u5805\u4f4f\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\u662f\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u5e73 (p26) \u5e38\u6211\u5011\u807d\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u771f\u6b61\u559c\u554a\uff0c\u6cd5\u559c\u5145\u6eff\uff01\u5b83\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u559c\u52a0\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u53eb\u300c\u5999\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u807d\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u807d\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u8b1b\u4e00\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u4e00\u6a23\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u773c\u775b\u77aa\u5f97\u5927\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u807d\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u807d\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u8208\u6b38\uff01\u807d\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u90a3\u5152\u807d\u5f97\u76f4\u6253\u778c\u7761\uff1b\u8b1b\u90a3\u500b\u6545\u4e8b\u554a\u4f60\u807d\u5f97\u4f86\u5f97\u500b\u6709\u52c1\uff0c\u662f\u8d8a\u807d\u8d8a\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u4f60\u8aaa\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5dee\u5225\u554a\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8b1b\u7684\u3001\u807d\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\uff1a\u54ce\u5440\uff01\u771f\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u6cd5\u559c\u5145\u6eff\u2014\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\uff01\u807d\u805e\u4e86\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u91dd\u5c0d\u4f60\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u4f60\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u5920\u6de8\u5316\u4f60\u7684\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u4f5b\u6cd5\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u53eb\u300c\u6cd5\u559c\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6b61\u559c\uff0c\u5999\u7684\uff01\u5999\u6b61\u559c\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u4eca\u5929\u4f60\u80fd\u8aaa\u5584\u9053\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u8aaa\u5f97\u4eba\u5bb6\u5929\u82b1\u4e82\u589c\uff0c\u807d\u7684\u4eba\u54ea\u807d\u5f97\u8208\u8da3\u7121\u7aae\u3001\u9918\u97f3\u88ca\u88ca\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5e7e\u5929\u9084\u56de\u61b6\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5920\u6de8\u5316\u7169\u60f1\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u6cd5\u559c\u3002 \u771f\u5be6\u7684\u6cd5\u559c\u554a\uff0c\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u300c\u5999\u300d\u3002\u529f\u6548\u5462\uff1f\u300c\u7372\u5805\u4f4f\u300d\uff01\u4f60\u5c31\u5728\u6cd5\u4e0a\u80fd\u5920\u5b89\u4f4f\uff0c\u4e0d\u52d5\u6416\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u53eb\u5805\u4f4f\u3002\u8981\u4e0d\u7136\u807d\u898b\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u8b1b\u7684\u6cd5\u8b1b\u5f97\u6709\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u53eb\u4f60\u6de8\u9664\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u78b0\u898b\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u54ce\u55b2\uff01\u8caa\u3001\u778b\u3001\u7661\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u8f49\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5b89\u4f4f\uff0c\u5805\u56fa\u66f4\u8ac7\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u88e1\u7684\u884c\u76f8\u8a8d\u5f97\u5b83\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u4f60\u601d\u60df\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u4fee\u8b49\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5118\u7ba1\u4e09\u5343\u5927\u5343\u4e16\u754c\u70ba\u52ab\u706b\u71d2\u76e1\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5bc2\u5149\u7576\u4e2d\u5b89\u4f4f\u4e0d\u52d5\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u7531 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