{"id":275,"date":"2014-01-22T23:51:53","date_gmt":"2014-01-22T23:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/theqi.com\/theqiorg\/?page_id=275"},"modified":"2014-01-22T23:57:38","modified_gmt":"2014-01-22T23:57:38","slug":"gl1-06b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theqi.com\/theqiorg\/2014\/01\/22\/gl1-06b\/","title":{"rendered":"GL1-06b"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u4e0a<\/sup>\u65e5\u4e0b<\/sup>\u5e38\u6cd5\u5e2b<\/p>\n

\n

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p. 10 <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6709\u4eba\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u6709\u4eba\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

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(p183) <\/span>\u90a3\u9ebc\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u8aaa\uff1a\u6c92\u932f\u3001\u6c92\u932f\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u5b78\u5927\u4e58\u54ea\uff0c\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u90a3\u500b\u5c0f\u4e58\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0a\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u5171\u9053\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5440\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5bc6\u4e58\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u8981\u8da3\u5165\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u5bc6\u4e58\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u689d\u8def\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u689d\u8def\u3002\u300c\u5ea6\u5f7c\u5cb8\u300d\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u4e58\u7684\u986f\u6559\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u9019\u500b\u8def\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u5171\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u4e26\u4e0d\u76f8\u9806\u3002\u90a3\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u5927\u4e58\u662f\u8d70\u9019\u500b\u6162\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5730\u6162\u6162\u5730\u4f86\uff0c\u8aaa\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u6211\u8d70\u7684\u9019\u689d\u76f4\u8def\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0b\u9762\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6b64\u6975\u975e\u7406\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5e2b\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\u7d55\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\uff01\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u5f15\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u4ee5\u5ea6\u5f7c\u5cb8\u9053\u4e4b\u9ad4\u6027\uff0c\u6089\u7686\u651d\u5165\u3011<\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u4f60\u8981\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5927\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\u986f\u6559\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5ea6\u5f7c\u5cb8\u9053\u300d\uff0c\u5b83\u90a3\u500b\u672c\u8cea\u5168\u90e8\u5305\u542b\u5728\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u500b\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u542b\u651d\u4e86\u5927\u4e58\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7279\u8cea\u5728\u88e1\u982d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8aaa\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u3010\u610f\u6a02\uff0c\u8b02\u65bc\u83e9\u63d0\u767c\u5fc3\uff1b\u884c\uff0c\u8b02\u4fee\u5b78\u516d\u5230\u5f7c\u5cb8\u3002\u662f\u5247\u4e00\u5207\u5b9a\u61c9\u7fd2\u8fd1\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u6574\u500b\u7684\u9019\u500b\u7279\u8cea\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u5206\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u767c\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5fc3\uff0c\u4fee\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\u884c\u3002\u767c\u7684\u5fc3\u53eb\u300c\u610f\u6a02\u300d\uff0c\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u61c9\u8a72\u767c\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7684\u610f\u6a02\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u767c\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u61c9\u8a72\u4fee\u7684 (p184) <\/span>\u300c\u884c\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u300c\u4fee\u5b78\u516d\u5ea6\u5230\u5f7c\u5cb8\u300d\u3002\u8acb\u554f\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u8ddf\u986f\u6559\u7684\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u5927\u4e58\uff0c\u662f\u540c\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6a23\u6b38\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u662f\u5247\u4e00\u5207\u662f\u5b9a\u61c9\u5b78\u7fd2\u300d\u554a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7684\u4eba\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8981\u5b78\uff01\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff01\u5728\u5ea7\u7684\u8af8\u4f4d\u5982\u679c\u5c07\u4f86\u4f60\u5011\u5b78\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5343\u842c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u6839\u5e95\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u8aaa\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\uff0c\u90a3\u7d50\u7d50\u7de3\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u4fee\u6301\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u5920\uff01<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4fee\u5011\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5225\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u3002\u770b\uff01\u7576\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u80fd\u5920\u4e94\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u9996\u2014\u9802\u56b4\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f8c\u4f86\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\uff0c\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\uff01\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u500b\u6700\u4f73\u6307\u5c0e\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f5b\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6de8\u5316\u5b83\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u628a\u63e1\u5f97\u4f4f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u5f15\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7d93\u4f86\u4f5c\u8b49\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8a71\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u8b1b\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7d93\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9762\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5982\u52dd\u91d1\u525b\u9802\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u7e31\u70ba\u6d3b\u547d\u6545\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c9\u6368\u89ba\u5fc3\u3002\u300d\u53c8\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u516d\u5ea6\u5f7c\u5cb8\u884c\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u4e0d\u61c9\u6368\u3002\u300d\u53c8\u9918\u5492\u6559\uff0c\u5ba3\u8aaa\u975e\u4e00\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u90a3\u500b\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u65a5\u7834\u5b83\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7acb\u90a3\u500b\u5b97\uff1a\u9019\u500b\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0d\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5f15\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u4f60\u8b1b\u5bc6\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u5f15\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff0c\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u4e0a\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u70ba\u4e86\u547d\u96e3\uff0c\u4f60\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u80fd\u6368\u53bb\u9019\u500b\u89ba\u5fc3\u3002\u89ba\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u9019\u500b (p185) <\/span>\u662f\u610f\u6a02\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u767c\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5bc6\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\u9019\u6a23\u5730\u56b4\u683c\u5730\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u884c\u70ba\u5462\uff1f\u8aaa\u300c\u516d\u5ea6\u5230\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u4e0d\u61c9\u6368\u300d\u3002\u884c\u6301\u4e9b\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5c31\u9019\u500b\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u55ce\uff1f\u90a3\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7684\u7d93\u5178\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u7d93\uff0c\u9084\u300c\u9918\u5492\u6559\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u88e1\u9762\u8aaa\u5f97\u6e05\u695a\u5f97\u5f88\u6b38\uff01\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u7e7c\u7e8c\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u3010\u25ce \u773e\u591a\u8da3\u5165\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u6642\uff0c\u4ea6\u591a\u8aaa\u9808\u53d7\u5171\u4e0d\u5171\u4e8c\u7a2e\u5f8b\u5100\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u7406\u8def\u4e0a\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u4fee\u6301\u7684\u6642\u5019\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6212\u3001\u5b9a\u3001\u6167\u9019\u6a23\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u6b63\u5f0f\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u771f\u6b63\u4fee\u9019\u500b\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bc6\u6559\u6700\u9ad8\u2014\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u6700\u9ad8\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e0b\u9762\u66f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c11\u3002\u8aaa\u300c\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u300d\uff0c\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u9019\u500b\u7ffb\u6210\u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u6587\u53eb\u58c7\u57ce\uff0c\u58c7\u57ce\uff0c\u5b83\u9019\u500b\u7279\u5225\u610f\u7fa9\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u4f5b\u7684\u6240\u8655\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f5b\u6240\u8655\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u8655\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5a11\u5a46\u7684\u51e1\u592b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4f5b\u6240\u8655\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u6de8\u571f\u3002\u7576\u7136\u771f\u7684\u8aaa\u8d77\u4f86\u6de8\u571f\u662f\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\uff0c\u7121\u6240\u4e0d\u542b\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u773e\u751f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u9ad4\u6703\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8033\u76ee\u6240\u80fd\u611f\u53d7\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f15\u6211\u5011\u9032\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u7528\u6211\u5011\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5716\u8868\u4f86\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u9762\u7a2e\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u7a2e\u5b50\u3002\u8aaa\u4f60\u770b\u6211\u5011\u9019\u500b\u4e16\u9593\u554a\uff0c\u662f\u4e18\u9675\u5751\u574e\uff0c\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5982\u610f\u7684\u7a62\u571f\u554a\uff01\u5594\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u9019\u9ebc\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6de8\u571f\u554a\uff01\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u9019\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u704c\u9802\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5f15\u6211\u5011\u9032\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u662f\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u662f\u4f5b\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u4fee\u5b78\u7684\u672c\u5c0a (p186) <\/span>\u7684\u9019\u500b\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u5b78\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u6212\u2014\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u6212\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6212\u7576\u4e2d\u4e5f\u90fd\u8aaa\u5171\u3001\u4e0d\u5171\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u5730\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u57fa\u790e\u8981\u5171\u540c\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u5171\u7684\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u83e9\u85a9\u5f8b\u5100\u5440\uff01<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5171\u8005\u5373\u662f\u83e9\u85a9\u5f8b\u5100\uff0c\u53d7\u5f8b\u5100\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u5c31\u662f\u53d7\u5b78\u4e09\u805a\u6212\u7b49\u83e9\u85a9\u5b78\u8655\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u800c\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u908a\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5f9e\u4e0b\u9762\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e09\u805a\u6212\u5373\u83e9\u85a9\u5b78\u8655\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f9e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u3001\u524d\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u542b\u651d\u5728\u88e1\u908a\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5171\u8072\u805e\u7684\u5225\u89e3\u812b\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u83e9\u85a9\u6212\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9019\u6a23\u5730\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u9664\u767c\u5fc3\u5df2\u5982\u5176\u8a93\u53d7\u5b78\u6240\u5b78\u8655\u800c\u4fee\u5b78\u5916\uff0c\u96d6\u65bc\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u4e58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea6\u7121\u9918\u9053\u6545\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u767c\u5fc3\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u767c\u5fc3\u537b\u662f\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u904e\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\u7684\u89ba\u5fc3\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7d55\u5c0d\u5171\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u9084\u6709\u554a\uff0c\u767c\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u5fc3\u5b78\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u300c\u6240\u5b78\u8655\u800c\u4fee\u5b78\u5916\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8655\u4f60\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5b78\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u4e5f\u8ddf\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u662f\u7279\u5225\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u554a\uff0c\u5bc6\u6559\u8ddf\u986f\u6559\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff01\u300d\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5171\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5171\u9053\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u4f55\u6b62\u662f\u986f\u6559\uff0c\u8acb\u554f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5927\u4e58\u7684\u516b\u5b97\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ff5\u4f5b\u8ddf\u53c3\u79aa\u5171\u55ce\uff1f\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u5ff5\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\uff0c\u8981\u7262\u7262\u5730\u628a\u4f4f\uff1b\u90a3\u500b\u53c3\u79aa\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8981\u7a7a\u6389\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5c0d\u5427\uff01\u4ed6\u7576\u7136\u4f60\u53c3\u5ff5\u4f5b\u662f\u8ab0\uff0c\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u597d\u50cf\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5ff5\u4f5b\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u300c\u842c\u6cd5\u6b78 (p187) <\/span>\u4e00\uff0c\u4e00\u6b78\u4f55\u8655\u300d\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u602a\u540d\u5802\uff0c\u8c48\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff1f\u90a3\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u57fa\u790e\u662f\u5171\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u767c\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff0c\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u4f5b\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u4fee\u7684\u516d\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u6b8a\u52dd\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u9019\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u53c8\u91d1\u525b\u7a7a\u884c\u53ca\u4e09\u88dc\u6b62\uff0c\u91d1\u525b\u9802\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d7\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u6642\uff0c\u6089\u4f5c\u662f\u4e91\uff1a\u300c\u7121\u9918\u53d7\u5916\u5bc6\uff0c\u4e09\u4e58\u6b63\u5999\u6cd5\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u5f15\u90a3\u500b\u5bc6\u6559\uff0c\u5bc6\u6559\u7576\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u7d93\u5178\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u908a\u7576\u4f60\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u704c\u9802\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u90a3\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\u7684\uff0c\u5b78\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u70ba\u672c\u5c0a\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u53bb\u4fee\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u8981\u53d7\u90a3\u500b\u6212\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u53d7\u90a3\u500b\u5bc6\u5b97\u6212\u7684\u6642\u5019\u2014\u9019\u500b\u5bc6\u5b97\u6212\u53eb\u300c\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u300d\u2014\u300c\u6089\u4f5c\u662f\u4e91\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u5c31\u8a93\u9858\u300c\u7121\u9918\u53d7\u5916\u5bc6\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u5bc6\u6559\u4ee5\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u9918\u5269\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u5440\uff0c\u4e09\u4e58\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u9019\u4e9b\u7d71\u7d71\u8981\u53d7\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e09\u4e58\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f60\u4e0d\u5171\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5440\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u3010\u53d7\u5492\u5f8b\u5100\u9808\u8a93\u53d7\u6545\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u5bc6\u5b97\u7684\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u6212\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907a\u6f0f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907a\u6f0f\u7684\uff1b\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u525b\u624d\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u6211\u5011\u91cd\u65b0\u518d\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u524d\u9762\u8aaa\u8072\u805e\u70ba\u4e86\u81ea (p188) <\/span>\u5229\uff0c\u662f\u5c11\u4e8b\u3001\u5c11\u696d\u3001\u5c11\u5e0c\u671b\u4f4f\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c0d\uff1b\u5927\u4e58\u70ba\u4e86\u5229\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u9762\u5118\u7ba1\u662f\u76f8\u9055\u80cc\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u9084\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u90a3\u6574\u500b\u7684\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8acd\u8ad6\u3002\u540c\u6642\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u8acd\u8ad6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u8ddf\u4f60\u505a\u5f97\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4f60\u505a\u4f60\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u505a\u6211\u7684\uff01\u5927\u5bb6\u914d\u5408\u5f97\u5929\u8863\u7121\u7e2b\u3002\u4f60\u5ff5\u4f60\u7684\u4f5b\uff0c\u6709\uff01\u5c31\u6015\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\uff1b\u6211\u53c3\u6211\u7684\u79aa\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u7a7a\uff0c\u5c31\u6015\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u9593\u6070\u5230\u597d\u8655\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u7528\u5728\u6211\u5011\u773c\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u9019\u500b\u9577\u8655\uff0c\u5fd9\u9019\u500b\uff1b\u6211\u6709\u9019\u500b\u9577\u8655\uff0c\u5fd9\u6211\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u6a23\u6a23\u807d\u6211\u62db\u547c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5c31\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u7576\u4f60\u60f3\u5230\u807d\u6211\u62db\u547c\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u6211\u9019\u500b\u7169\u60f1\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0a\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u7576\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u8aaa<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7531\u898b\u6b64\u7b49\u5c11\u6709\u958b\u906e\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u57f7\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u5bd2\u71b1\u904d\u76f8\u9055\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u986f\u81ea\u667a\u6975\u7c97\u6dfa\u8033\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\u7684\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u958b\u906e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u958b\u906e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u5169\u500b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5bd2\u3001\u4e00\u500b\u71b1\uff0c\u5bd2\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5929\u6c23\u51b7\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u71b1\uff0c\u71b1\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u51b7\uff0c\u9019\u5b8c\u5168\u9055\u80cc\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u7684\u958b\u906e\uff0c\u5c31\u89ba\u5f97\u5b8c\u5168\u9055\u80cc\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u662f\u611a\u7661\u5440\uff01\u6211\u5011\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5be6\u5728\u592a\u6dfa\u592a\u7c97\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u615a\u6127\uff0c\u8981\u597d\u597d\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u7cbe\u9032\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n

(p189) <\/span>\u3010\u25ce \u5982\u662f\u552f\u9664\u5c11\u5206\u5225\u7de3\u958b\u906e\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8af8\u6b63\u81f3\u8a00\uff0c\u6975\u96a8\u9806\u6545\u3002\u82e5\u8da3\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e58\u4e94\u9053\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5b8c\u5177\u4e0b\u4e0b\u4e58\u9053\u529f\u5fb7\u7a2e\u985e\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8aaa\u9664\u4e86\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u7531\u65bc\u7279\u5225\u56e0\u7de3\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u958b\u906e\u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u958b\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u906e\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u9632\u6b62\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9664\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f5b\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\u5440\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u61c9\u3001\u76f8\u9806\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u300c\u8da3\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e58\u4e94\u9053\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e09\u4e58\u4e94\u9053\u7576\u4e2d\u2014\u4e09\u4e58\u5c31\u662f\u8072\u805e\u3001\u7de3\u89ba\u3001\u83e9\u85a9\uff1b\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u9019\u500b\u4e94\u9053\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4fee\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u51fa\u4e16\u6cd5\u5206\u6210\u529f\u4e94\u500b\u9053\u2014\u8cc7\u7ce7\u9053\u3001\u52a0\u884c\u9053\u3001\u898b\u9053\u3001\u4fee\u9053\u3001\u7121\u5b78\u9053\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e58\u6709\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u4e94\u9053\uff0c\u5927\u4e58\u6709\u5927\u4e58\u7684\u4e94\u9053\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u5225\u662f\u8aaa\u4e0a\u4e0a\u7684\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u6700\u4e0a\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u5fc5\u9808\u5f9e\u300c\u4e0b\u4e0b\u4e58\u9053\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u7a2e\u985e\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5713\u6eff\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6f0f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

p. 11<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\u9053\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u4f5b\u6bcd\u300b\u4e2d\u4e91\uff1a\u3011<\/p>\n

\u300a\u4f5b\u6bcd\u300b\u8ddf\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u6a23\u300a\u52dd\u8005\u6bcd\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u822c\u82e5\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u300c\u6240\u6709\u53bb\u4f86\u73fe\u5728\u4f5b\uff0c\u5171\u9053\u662f\u6b64\u5ea6\u975e\u9918\u3002\u300d\u3011<\/p>\n

\u6240\u6709\u904e\u53bb\u3001\u672a\u4f86\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4f5b\u662f\u5171\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u8d70\u9019 (p190) <\/span>\u500b\u8def\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u516d\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u662f\u8da3\u4f5b\u9640\u9053\u4e4b\u68df\u6881\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u61c9\u6368\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u500b\u662f\u300c\u68df\u6881\u300d\uff0c\u5225\u7684\u6771\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u68df\u6881\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u4e2d\u4ea6\u591a\u8aaa\u6b64\uff0c\u6545\u662f\u7d93\u7e8c\u4e8c\u6240\u5171\u9053\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5bc6\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\u4e5f\u8655\u8655\u5730\u65b9\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u500b\u662f\u986f\u6559\u3001\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u82e5\u65bc\u5176\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u5bc6\u5492\u8af8\u4e0d\u5171\u9053\uff0c\u704c\u9802\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u5f8b\u5100\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6b21\u7b2c\u53ca\u5176\u7737\u5c6c\uff0c\u6545\u80fd\u901f\u75be\u8da3\u81f3\u4f5b\u9640\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u5728\u9019\u500b\u986f\u3001\u5bc6\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u5171\u9053\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bc6\u6559\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5171\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u90a3\u500b\u4e0d\u5171\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\u9762\u8aaa\u300c\u704c\u9802\u3001\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u3001\u5f8b\u5100\u3001\u4e8c\u7a2e\u6b21\u7b2c\u53ca\u5176\u7737\u5c6c\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6b21\u7b2c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5148\u662f\u704c\u9802\uff0c\u6210\u719f\u4f60\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u8981\u53d7\u9019\u500b\u5bc6\u5b97\u7684\u4e09\u6627\u8036\u6212\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4fee\u5b78\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u751f\u8d77\u6b21\u7b2c\u8ddf\u5713\u6eff\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u8ddf\u5b83\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u662f\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u4fee\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6700\u7279\u5225\u7684\u6b8a\u52dd\u7684\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5920\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u9054\u5230\u4f5b\u9640\u9019\u500b\u679c\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u53bb\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5750\u8239\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7a2e\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u98db\u6a5f\u3002\u98db\u6a5f\u4ee5\u524d (p191) <\/span>\u662f\u87ba\u65cb\u69f3\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u662f\u5674\u5c04\u6a5f\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u706b\u7bad\u3002\u9019\u662f\u8aaa\u8d8a\u662f\u7279\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u8d8a\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u7684\uff0c\u8d8a\u662f\u5371\u96aa\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8d70\u8def\uff0c\u4f60\u78b0\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8dcc\u4e00\u500b\u7b4b\u6597\uff0c\u6c92\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7ad9\u8d77\u4f86\u62cd\u4e00\u62cd\u518d\u8d70\uff0c\u4e00\u9ede\u4e8b\u60c5\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u8dcc\u7834\u4e00\u9ede\u76ae\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u5750\u8173\u8e0f\u8eca\u8981\u53d7\u50b7\u4e86\uff0c\u5750\u6c7d\u8eca\u5c31\u51fa\u6bdb\u75c5\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5750\u98db\u6a5f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u975e\u6b7b\u4e0d\u53ef\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u7576\u4e2d\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f60\u7d50\u7d50\u7de3\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u6b63\u4fee\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u84ee\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u8aaa\u6211\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u50cf\u86c7\u5728\u7af9\u7b52\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u4e0b\u4f86\uff5c\u4e0a\u53bb\u6210\u4f5b\uff0c\u4e0b\u4f86\u5230\u91d1\u525b\u5730\u7344\uff1b\u91d1\u525b\u5730\u7344\u662f\u963f\u9f3b\u5730\u7344\u7684\u5225\u540d\u3002\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u4e0d\u8981\u770b\uff0c\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5bc6\u6cd5\u597d\u4fee\u554a\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff01\u4f60\u7d50\u7d50\u7de3\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u4f60\u78b0\u4e0d\u5230\uff1b\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u78b0\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u5169\u689d\u8def\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u7684\u78ba\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5e73\u5e38\u8f15\u6613\u4e0d\u8981\u8b6d\u8b17\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9019\u88e1\u96a8\u4fbf\u63d0\u4e00\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u82e5\u68c4\u5171\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u932f\u8b2c\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u5171\u9053\u4f60\u653e\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u932f\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u3010\u82e5\u672a\u7372\u5f97\u5982\u662f\u77e5\u89e3\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u4fbf\u8b17\u8af8\u9918\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u9019\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u9ebb\u7169\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u9ebb\u7169\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u89ba\u5f97\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5c0d\uff0c\u8b6d\u8b17\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u932f\u4e86\uff01\u7279\u5225\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u300c\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u4e00 (p192) <\/span>\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u300d\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5c31\u5bb3\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4e0a\u982d\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7e3d\u6b78\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u4f60\u9084\u662f\u5c0a\u656c\u5b83\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u4f60\u4fee\u884c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fee\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u9ede\u9ede\u7684\u5473\u9053\u4e86\uff0c\u554a\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u6216\u8005\u53c3\u79aa\u53c3\u5f97\u4e00\u9ede\u540d\u5802\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u5ff5\u4f5b\u662f\u5ff5\u5f97\u4e00\u9ede\u5473\u9053\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u8aaa\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90fd\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u53eb\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002\u4f60\u771f\u6b63\u5713\u6eff\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u3001\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u6703\u7684\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u6703\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u592a\u591a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5f9e\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u4fee\u7684\u662f\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u4fee\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u5b78\u4e86\u4e00\u9ede\u898f\u77e9\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u6211\u9019\u500b\u898f\u77e9\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u5730\u5c0d\uff0c\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u898f\u77e9\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u9019\u500b\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\u6211\u5011\u4e16\u9593\u4f55\u5617\u4e0d\u5982\u6b64\u5462\uff1f\u4e16\u9593\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u898b\uff0c\u5c31\u62ff\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u898b\uff0c\u5c31\u62ff\u4ed6\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u8aaa\u6211\u9019\u500b\u5c0d\uff0c\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u4e16\u9593\u7684\u722d\u57f7\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u5b50\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4fee\u5b78\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002\u4e16\u9593\u5927\u5bb6\u4f60\u8b17\u6211\u3001\u6211\u8b17\u4f60\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u6700\u591a\u5435\u4e00\u67b6\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u8ddf\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f86\u5f80\uff0c\u6c92\u95dc\u4fc2\uff01\u842c\u4e00\u5435\u904e\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u6253\u4e00\u500b\u5b98\u53f8\u3002\u4f5b\u6cd5\u88e1\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u8d8a\u6df1\uff0c\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u5c07\u4f86\u9020\u7684\u696d\u662f\u8d8a\u53ef\u6015\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u6de8\u9664\u90fd\u4f86\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u4f60\u5225\u7684\u6771\u897f\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u8b17\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7f6a\u91cd\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a18\u4f4f\uff01\u300a\u6cd5\u83ef\u300b\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f5b\u70ba\u4e86\u63a5\u5f15\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6cd5\u9580\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8aaa\u7a2e\u7a2e\u6cd5\u9580\u4ed6\u662f\u5fb9\u5e95\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u624d\u8aaa\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u82b1\u591a\u5c11\u5fc3\u8840\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u66c9\u5f97\u55ce\uff1f\u7121\u91cf\u963f\u50e7\u7947\u52ab\u6368\u982d\u76ee\u8166\u9ad3\u63db\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u73cd\u8cb4\u7684\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f04\u5230\u4f60\u624b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef (p193) <\/span>\u4ee5\u3002\u8acb\u554f\uff0c\u4f60\u6709\u9019\u500b\u672c\u4e8b\u55ce\uff1f\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u842c\u842c\u4e0d\u6562\u958b\u53e3\u554a\uff01\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6211\u5011\u525b\u525b\u4fee\u5b78\u61c2\u5f97\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90fd\u4e0d\u5c0d\u4e86\u3002\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u597d\u70ba\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u64d4\u5fc3\u554a\uff01\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7576\u5e74\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\u662f\u5ff5\u4f5b\u9032\u53bb\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\uff0c\u807d\u898b\u4eba\u5bb6\u7576\u521d\u4e0d\u8b9a\u6b4e\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u5225\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u6068\u4e0d\u5f97\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u7d93\u66f8\u62ff\u5f97\u4f86\u628a\u5b83\u6495\u6389\u4e86\u3001\u71d2\u6389\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u554a\uff01\u6211\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u76f4\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u4e8b\u60c5\u800c\u61fa\u6094\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u7279\u5225\u628a\u6211\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\u5011\u3002\u9019\u500b\u56e0\uff0c\u4f60\u5011\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u62d4\u6389\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u53bb\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u5c07\u4f86\u53bb\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5230\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u9019\u500b\u7a2e\u5b50\u53c8\u73fe\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u5728\u4f60\u4fee\u884c\u904e\u7a0b\u7576\u4e2d\u662f\u5343\u8f9b\u842c\u82e6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u770b\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7956\u5e2b\u5011\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u5e38\u8aaa\u4ed6\u300c\u5927\u6b0a\u793a\u73fe\u300d\uff0c\u5403\u76e1\u82e6\u982d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u6545\u610f\u8981\u9019\u500b\u5403\u82e6\u982d\u554a\uff01\u4ed6\u5df2\u7d93\u5230\u4e86\u67d0\u500b\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u56e0\u5728\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u908a\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u8981\u66c9\u5f97\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\u6cd5\u76f8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7e3d\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u6545\u610f\uff0c\u6545\u610f\u88dd\uff0c\u88dd\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u500b\u56e0\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u9019\u500b\u679c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u518d\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4f60\u56e0\u5730\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u500b\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u8d81\u5b83\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6210\u9577\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u6de8\u5316\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u525b\u624d\u8aaa\u90a3\u500b\u5927\u6b0a\u793a\u73fe\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u7406\uff1f\u6709\u5176\u7d55\u5c0d\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u4f60\u767c\u4e86\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\u4e0d\u6015\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u4ee5\u524d\u8b6d\u8b17\u904e\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f60\u4ee5\u524d\u5426\u5b9a\u904e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u969c\u7919\u4f86\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u4f60\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u5708\u5b50\u88e1\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\u4f60\u5c31\u628a\u4ed6\u6551\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u9019\u500b\u771f\u6b63\u3001\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u50f9\u503c (p194) <\/span>\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4f60\u767c\u4e86\u83e9\u63d0\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f60\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90fd\u4e0d\u8981\u6015\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6709\u9019\u500b\u5fc3\uff0c\u6162\u6162\u5730\u6703\u628a\u4f60\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u90a3\u7fa4\u4eba\u6551\u5f97\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5927\u6b0a\u793a\u73fe\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u7fa9\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3010\u7279\u65bc\u4e0a\u4e58\u82e5\u5f97\u767c\u8d77\u4e00\u4f3c\u52dd\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u5176\u6b21\u7b2c\u9042\u8b17\u68c4\u6368\u4e0b\u4e58\u6cd5\u85cf\u8af8\u5ea6\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u4e58\u8b17\u4e0a\u4e58\u7684\u4eba\u9084\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c11\uff0c\u9084\u5012\u662f\u6709\u554a\uff01\u7279\u5225\u662f\u4e0a\u4e58\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6108\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6b38\uff0c\u5999\u54a7\uff01\u300c\u767c\u8d77\u4e00\u4f3c\u52dd\u89e3\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u7684\u9084\u597d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u8a8d\u8b58\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u4fee\u884c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4fee\u884c\u53eb\u300c\u4f3c\u52dd\u89e3\u300d\uff0c\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e\u7684\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u89ba\u5f97\u5225\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u6700\u597d\u3002\u300c\u5982\u5176\u6b21\u7b2c\u300d\u5730\u8b6d\u8b17\uff0c\u68c4\u6368\u4e0b\u9762\u90a3\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5373\u65bc\u5492\u4e2d\u3011<\/p>\n

(p195) <\/span>\u5c31\u7b97\u5230\u4e86\u5bc6\u6559\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u3010\u4ea6\u7576\u8b17\u6368\u4e0b\u4e09\u90e8\u7b49\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n

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\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u9020\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u3001\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u8b17\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7f6a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u7d93\u4e0a\u9762\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u4f60\u9020\u4e86\u4e94\u7121\u9593\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u8b1b\u8a18 \u7b2c\u516d\u5377 B\u9762 \u4e0a\u65e5\u4e0b\u5e38\u6cd5\u5e2b \uff08\u624b\u6284\u641e \u7b2c\u4e00\u518a p179\uff09 p. 10 \u3010\u80fd\u6210\u8fa6\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u5927\u4e58\u4ea6\u6ec5\u773e\u904e\u5099\u8d77\u773e\u5fb7\uff0c\u3011 \u90a3\u9ebc\u5728\u56e0\u5730\u7576\u4e2d\u8981\u4fee\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u8981\u6240\u6709\u7684\u904e\u5931\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u6de8\u9664\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u8981\u5fb9\u5e95\u5730\u5713\u6eff\u3002 \u3010\u6545\u5927\u4e58\u9053\u904d\u651d\u4e00\u5207\u9918\u4e58\u6240\u6709\u65b7\u8b49\u5fb7\u985e\u3002\u3011 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