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7 (4)<\/p>\n\u3010\u25ce 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2f\u5730\u4e0a\u83e9\u85a9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u7a2e\u4eba\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u8457\u9b54\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8b58\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9b54\u3001\u4f5b\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u8fa8\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u89aa\u81ea\u898b\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u958b\u8a31\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4f55\u7b49\u9ad8\u7684\u5883\u754c\u554a\uff01\u90a3\u5177\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u8ad6\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\uff0c\u4e09\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u5713\u6eff\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u53ef\u60f3\u50cf\u5230\u4ed6\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u6b8a\u52dd\u54ea\uff01\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u9020\u8005\u6b8a\u52dd\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n\u90a3\u9ebc\u518d\u7ffb\u904e\u4f86\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7b2c\u516b\u9801\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u7b2c\u4e03\u884c\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u7532\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\uff1a<\/p>\np. 8 (7)<\/p>\n\u3010\u25ce \u986f\u793a\u6cd5\u6b8a\u52dd\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u6b64\u6559\u6388\u57fa\u8ad6\uff0c\u8b02\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u4f9d\u6019\u6240\u9020\uff0c\u96d6\u6709\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u7136\u5982\u6839\u672c\u6975\u5713\u6eff\u8005\uff0c\u53a5\u70ba\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n\u6cd5\u6b8a\u52dd\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\uff1f\u90a3\u9ebc\u8981\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u672c\u8ad6\u7684\u9019\u500b\u85cd\u5716\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\u8aaa\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u9020\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u662f\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u6839\u672c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5713\u6eff\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u5169\u500b\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5145\u5206\u689d\u4ef6\uff1b\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5fc5(p135)\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\uff1b\u5fc5\u8981\u662f\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u662f\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u5169\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u8cea\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u91cf\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u6a23\u90fd\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u662f\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u96d6\u7136\u9020\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u5c0a\u8005\uff0c\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6839\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u5c0d\u6a5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u7279\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6700\u5fb9\u5e95\u5713\u6eff\u5730\u628a\u4ed6\u6240\u609f\u8b49\u7684\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0b\u8173\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u6700\u7a76\u7adf\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6574\u500b\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u76e4\u6258\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6b8a\u52dd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u8ad6\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ad6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u54e6\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u500b\u9020\u8005\u56fa\u7136\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u9019\u6a23\u597d\u554a\uff01\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554a\uff1f\u4ed6\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\u3010\u5177\u651d\u7d93\u5492\u6240\u6709\u6a1e\u8981\u800c\u958b\u793a\u6545\uff0c\u6240\u8a6e\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u9762\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u986f\u6559\u3001\u5bc6\u6559\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b97\u8981\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u8aaa\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u6700\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u6c92\u6709\u8aaa\u5c0f\u4e58\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u5927\u4e58\u662f\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5f9e\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u9762\u4e0a\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u6211\u5011\u5e73\u5e38\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u7684\u5b78\u6b77\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u300d\u300c\u554a\uff01\u6211\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7562\u696d\u3002\u300d\u7528\u4e0d\u8457\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u5e7c\u7a1a\u5712\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u5c0f\u5b78\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u500b\u4e2d\u5b78\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7562\u696d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5177\u8db3\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3001\u5f88\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u500b\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u78ba\u5be6\u5be6\u662f\u5206\u6210\u529f\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u5169\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u9019\u500b\u88e1\u908a\u5462\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8cea\u91cf\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5462\u90a3\u500b\u8cea\u91cf\u5713\u6eff\u4e00\u5b9a\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\u7684\uff0c(p136)\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u53c8\u7279\u5225\u5f37\u8abf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\u3010\u8abf\u5fc3\u6b21\u7b2c\u70ba\u6700\u52dd\u6545\uff0c\u6613\u65bc\u53d7\u6301\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e5f\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\u5440\uff1f\u300c\u6613\u65bc\u53d7\u6301\u300d\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u4f60\u8d70\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u6309\u7167\u90a3\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e82\uff0c\u4f60\u8d70\u5c31\u8d70\u4e0d\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e86\uff1b\u8d70\u8d77\u4f86\u4e5f\u662f\u5343\u8f9b\u842c\u82e6\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u8d70\u5f97\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u8dd1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u51a4\u6789\u8def\u3002\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5b83\u771f\u6b63\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n\u3010\u53c8\u4ee5\u5584\u5de7\u4e8c\u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\uff08\u624b\u6284\u641e \u7b2c\u4e00\u518a p131\uff09<\/p>\n
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\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u9019\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u773c\u524d\u4e00\u500b\u5ee3\u6b3d\u8001\u548c\u5c1a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u674e\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u5594\u5537\uff01\u5f88\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7b97\u7b97\u7684\u78ba\u4e0d\u5982\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u9762\u5929\u53f0\u667a\u8005\u5927\u5e2b\u3001\u6167\u601d\u79aa\u5e2b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u50cf\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4eba\u7559\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u628a\u90a3\u500b\u6559\u6cd5\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u5f97\u5230\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u81ea\u5229\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6240\u4ee5\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4eba\u5bb6\u5c0a\u4ed6(p132)\u70ba\u300c\u80fd\u4ec1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u300d\u554a\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u4e9b\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u4e0d\u8ac7\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u6211\u5728\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u9801\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u8acb\u7ffb\u5230\u7b2c\u4e03\u9801\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e03\u9801\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u8aaa\uff1a<\/p>\n
p. 7 (4)<\/p>\n
\u3010\u25ce \u5982\u662f\u9020\u8ad6\uff0c\u5149\u986f\u80fd\u4ec1\u6240\u6709\u5bc6\u610f\u3002\u5fa9\u6709\u4e09\u7a2e\u5713\u6eff\u52dd\u56e0\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n
\u9020\u8ad6\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u91cb\u8fe6\u4e16\u5c0a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5bc6\u610f\u548c\u76e4\u6258\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u7a2e\u5713\u6eff\u56e0\u3002\u4ed6\u5177\u8db3\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u628a\u91cb\u8fe6\u4e16\u5c0a\u7684\u9019\u500b\u7d93\u8ad6\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u610f\u8da3\uff0c\u4ea4\u4ee3\u5f97\u6e05\u6e05\u695a\u695a\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u54ea\u4e09\u7a2e\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u3010\u8b02\u5584\u6240\u77e5\u4e94\u7a2e\u660e\u8655\u3011<\/p>\n
\u9019\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u3002\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u5584\u77e5\u4e94\u7a2e\u660e\u8655\u554a\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u4e94\u660e\uff0c\u4e94\u660e\u662f\u4e16\u3001\u51fa\u4e16\u9593\u4e00\u5207\u5b78\u554f\uff1b\u56e0\u660e\u3001\u8072\u660e\u3001\u5de5\u5de7\u660e\u3001\u91ab\u65b9\u660e\uff0c\u9019\u4e16\u9593\u7684\u3002\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u63db\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u97f3\u3001\u97fb\u7b49\u7b49\u5b78\u554f\uff0c\u62ff\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u4f86\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u570b\u6587\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u9019\u4e00\u985e\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u56e0\u660e\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7406\u5247\u5b78\u3001\u54f2\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff1b\u7136\u5f8c\u5462\u5de5\u5de7\u660e\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6280\u8853\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff1b\u91ab\u65b9\u660e\u5c31\u662f\u91ab\u5b78\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6bcf\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u5b78\u901a\uff0c\u5594\u5537\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\u5594\uff01\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u5b78\u4e00\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u5df2\u7d93\u662f\uff0c\u947d\u5230\u88e1\u908a\u5df2\u7d93\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u4e86\uff0c\u5ee3\u5b78\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\uff01\u5920\u4e0d\u5920\uff1f\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u5167\u660e\u2014\u4f5b\u6cd5\u3002\u8aaa\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u4e94\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u8981\u5584\u5de7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u61c2\u5f97\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u5713\u6eff\u5730\u61c2\u5f97\uff0c\u5177\u8db3\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u53ef(p133)\u4ee5\u4e86\uff01\u9019\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5713\u6eff\u56e0\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u3010\u5177\u6559\u6388\u3011<\/p>\n
\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u6559\u6388\uff1f\u558f\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u3010\u8b02\u5f9e\u6b63\u904d\u77e5\u5c55\u8f49\u50b3\u4f86\uff0c\u65bc\u5176\u4e2d\u9593\u5584\u58eb\u672a\u65b7\u4fee\u6301\u5f7c\u7fa9\u627c\u8981\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u3011<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u8aaa\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f9e\u4f5b\u89aa\u81ea\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e2d\u9593\u6c92\u6709\u65b7\u904e\uff1b\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u500b\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u8981\u4fee\u3001\u8b49\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u5594\uff0c\u9019\u9ede\u5c31\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u5594\uff01\u8981\u4f5b\u89aa\u53e3\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ddf\u9019\u500b\u6559\u6cd5\u76f8\u61c9\u4fee\u6301\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u5177\u8db3\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u7684\u7684\u78ba\u78ba\u80fd\u5920\u9020\u8ad6\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u7b2c\u4e09\u7a2e\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u3010\u4e26\u5f97\u8b01\u898b\u672c\u5c0a\u5929\u984f\uff0c\u7372\u8a00\u958b\u8a31\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u4fee\u8b49\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6b38\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u9019\u500b\u672c\u5c0a\u958b\u8a31\uff0c\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53eb\u672c\u5c0a\u958b\u8a31\uff1f\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u5ff5\u4f5b\u90a3\u53ea\u662f\u6301\u540d\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u5011\u89c0\u60f3\u5ff5\u4f5b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u6301\u540d\u4e5f\u597d\u3001\u89c0\u60f3\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e0d\u4e82\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f97\u5230\u4e09\u6627\uff1b\u4e0d\u4f46\u5f97\u5230\u4e09\u6627\uff0c\u89aa\u898b\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\uff1b\u4e0d\u4f46\u89aa\u898b\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\uff0c\u963f\u5f4c\u9640\u4f5b\u5c31\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1a\u300c\u67d0\u4eba\u54ea\uff0c\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u5b78\u5f97\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u5b78\u5c0d\u5566\uff01\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u5225\u4eba\u53bb(p134)\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u8981\u6709\u9019\u500b\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u9019\u500b\uff01\u5594\u5537\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5728\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u8aaa\u8d77\u4f86\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u7c21\u55ae\uff01<\/p>\n
\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4fee\u5b78\u5713\u6eff\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7372\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u672c\u5c0a\u958b\u8a31\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u500b\u4e5f\u8a31\u52a0\u884c\u4f4d\u4e0a\u52c9\u5f37\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u90a3\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u5730\u4e0a\u83e9\u85a9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u7a2e\u4eba\uff0c\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u8457\u9b54\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8a8d\u8b58\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9b54\u3001\u4f5b\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u8fa8\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u89aa\u81ea\u898b\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u958b\u8a31\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4f55\u7b49\u9ad8\u7684\u5883\u754c\u554a\uff01\u90a3\u5177\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u689d\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u8ad6\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u5011\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\uff0c\u4e09\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u5713\u6eff\u5177\u8db3\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u53ef\u60f3\u50cf\u5230\u4ed6\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u6b8a\u52dd\u54ea\uff01\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u9019\u500b\u9020\u8005\u6b8a\u52dd\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u53bb\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u9ebc\u518d\u7ffb\u904e\u4f86\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7b2c\u516b\u9801\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u7b2c\u4e03\u884c\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u7532\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\uff1a<\/p>\n
p. 8 (7)<\/p>\n
\u3010\u25ce \u986f\u793a\u6cd5\u6b8a\u52dd\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u6b64\u6559\u6388\u57fa\u8ad6\uff0c\u8b02\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u4f9d\u6019\u6240\u9020\uff0c\u96d6\u6709\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u7136\u5982\u6839\u672c\u6975\u5713\u6eff\u8005\uff0c\u53a5\u70ba\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u6b8a\u52dd\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\uff1f\u90a3\u9ebc\u8981\u66c9\u5f97\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u672c\u8ad6\u7684\u9019\u500b\u85cd\u5716\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u8ad6\u300b\u3002\u8aaa\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u9020\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u662f\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u6839\u672c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u5713\u6eff\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u8aaa\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5e73\u5e38\u6211\u5011\u8ac7\u79d1\u5b78\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u5169\u500b\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5145\u5206\u689d\u4ef6\uff1b\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5fc5(p135)\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\uff1b\u5fc5\u8981\u662f\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u662f\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u5169\u6a23\u6771\u897f\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u8cea\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u91cf\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u6a23\u90fd\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u662f\u300a\u9053\u70ac\u300b\u3002\u963f\u5e95\u5cfd\u5c0a\u8005\u96d6\u7136\u9020\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u8ad6\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u5c0a\u8005\uff0c\u4f5b\u83e9\u85a9\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6839\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u5c0d\u6a5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6a23\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u7279\u5225\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u6700\u5fb9\u5e95\u5713\u6eff\u5730\u628a\u4ed6\u6240\u609f\u8b49\u7684\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0b\u8173\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u6700\u7a76\u7adf\u5713\u6eff\u7684\u6574\u500b\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u76e4\u6258\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u624d\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6b8a\u52dd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u70ac\u8ad6\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ad6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u5225\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u54e6\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u500b\u9020\u8005\u56fa\u7136\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u9019\u6a23\u597d\u554a\uff01\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u554a\uff1f\u4ed6\u4e0b\u9762\u89e3\u91cb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u3010\u5177\u651d\u7d93\u5492\u6240\u6709\u6a1e\u8981\u800c\u958b\u793a\u6545\uff0c\u6240\u8a6e\u5713\u6eff\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u3010\u8abf\u5fc3\u6b21\u7b2c\u70ba\u6700\u52dd\u6545\uff0c\u6613\u65bc\u53d7\u6301\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u6211\u9019\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e5f\u5713\u6eff\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5713\u6eff\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u597d\u8655\u5440\uff1f\u300c\u6613\u65bc\u53d7\u6301\u300d\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u4f60\u8d70\u4e0a\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u6309\u7167\u90a3\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6b21\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e82\uff0c\u4f60\u8d70\u5c31\u8d70\u4e0d\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e86\uff1b\u8d70\u8d77\u4f86\u4e5f\u662f\u5343\u8f9b\u842c\u82e6\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u4f60\u8d70\u5f97\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u8dd1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u51a4\u6789\u8def\u3002\u9019\u500b\u662f\u5b83\u771f\u6b63\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u3010\u53c8\u4ee5\u5584\u5de7\u4e8c\u5927\u8eca\u8ecc\uff0c\u4e8c\u5e2b\u6559\u6388\u800c\u838a\u56b4\u6545\uff0c\u52dd\u51fa\u9918\u8ecc\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
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\u3010\u6b64\u8ad6\u6559\u6388\u6b8a\u52dd\u5206\u56db\uff1a\u3011<\/p>\n
\u9019\u500b\u672c\u8ad6\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u672c\u8ad6\u7684\u7cbe\u8981\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u597d\u7684\u3001\u7279\u5225\u6b8a\u52dd\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5206\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n
(p137)\u3010\u2460 \u901a\u9054\u4e00\u5207\u8056\u6559\u7121\u9055\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u2461 \u4e00\u5207\u8056\u8a00\u73fe\u70ba\u6559\u6388\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u2462 \u6613\u65bc\u7372\u5f97\u52dd\u8005\u5bc6\u610f\u6b8a\u52dd\uff0c\u2463 \u6975\u5927\u7f6a\u884c\u81ea\u8da3\u6d88\u6ec5\u6b8a\u52dd\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n
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(p138)\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u5c31\u5b83\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u8b1b\u9019\u500b\u5927\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u8b1b\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0b\u4e86\u8ab2\u4e86\u505a\u5225\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\uff01\u9019\u500b\u4f5b\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u8abf\u4f0f\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u9762\u7a2e\u7a2e\u7169\u60f1\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\u4e0d\u8abf\u548c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u65e2\u7136\u9019\u6a23\u6df1\u9060\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u540c\u6a23\u5730\uff0c\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c1a\u4e14\u8abf\u4f0f\uff0c\u4f55\u6cc1\u662f\u6211\u5011\u73fe\u5728\u5f88\u7c97\u731b\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5f9e\u9019\u500b\u4e0a\u9762\u8aaa\uff0c\u4f5b\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u628a\u6211\u5011\u773c\u524d\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u8abf\u4f0f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6a23\u5730\u8abf\u4f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u662f\u6232\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f5b\u4e0d\u6703\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
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